Phosphoserines on Maize CENTROMERIC HISTONE H3 and Histone H3 Demarcate the Centromere and Pericentromere during Chromosome Segregation

Zhang, Xiaolan; Li, Xuexian; Marshall, Joshua B.; Zhong, Cathy Xiaoyan; Dawe, R. Kelly

doi:10.1105/tpc.104.028522

Cited by 72 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…All cells were stained with 0.01 mg/ml DAPI (4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) for 10 min, mounted in Mowiol mounting medium (Harlow and Lane 1988), and sealed with nail polish. Protein blot analysis: Maize protein was extracted from young ears $10 cm in length (Zhang et al 2005) and from cultured mouse neocortical neuron cells (Dravid et al 2005). Protein extraction and protein blot analysis were carried out as previously described (Zhang et al 2005).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Protein blot analysis: Maize protein was extracted from young ears $10 cm in length (Zhang et al 2005) and from cultured mouse neocortical neuron cells (Dravid et al 2005). Protein extraction and protein blot analysis were carried out as previously described (Zhang et al 2005). A single nitrocellulose membrane was cut into four pieces and incubated with different primary antibodies.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Partitioning of the Maize Epigenome by the Number of Methyl Groups on Histone H3 Lysines 9 and 27

Shi¹,

Dawe

2006

Genetics

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We report a detailed analysis of maize chromosome structure with respect to seven histone H3 methylation states (dimethylation at lysine 4 and mono-, di-, and trimethylation at lysines 9 and 27). Threedimensional light microscopy and the fine cytological resolution of maize pachytene chromosomes made it possible to compare the distribution of individual histone methylation events to each other and to DNA staining intensity. Major conclusions are that (1) H3K27me2 marks classical heterochromatin; (2) H3K4me2 is limited to areas between and around H3K27me2-marked chromomeres, clearly demarcating the euchromatic gene space; (3) H3K9me2 is restricted to the euchromatic gene space; (4) H3K27me3 occurs in a few (roughly seven) focused euchromatic domains; (5) centromeres and CENP-C are closely associated with H3K9me2 and H3K9me3; and (6) histone H4K20 di-and trimethylation are nearly or completely absent in maize. Each methylation state identifies different regions of the epigenome. We discuss the evolutionary lability of histone methylation profiles and draw a distinction between H3K9me2-mediated gene silencing and heterochromatin formation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Partitioning of the Maize Epigenome by the Number of Methyl Groups on Histone H3 Lysines 9 and 27

Shi¹,

Dawe

2006

Genetics

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“…In contrast, little is known about PTMs on CenH3. A role for phosphorylation of human CENP-A by Aurora B kinase has been described in the final stages of cytokinesis (20), and maize CenH3 is also phosphorylated (21). Additionally, Cse4 levels in the cell are controlled by ubiquitination of Cse4 that is mediated by the ubiquitin ligase Psh1.…”

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confidence: 99%

Methylation of CenH3 arginine 37 regulates kinetochore integrity and chromosome segregation

Samel

Cuomo

Bonaldi

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Centromeres of eukaryotic chromosomes mark the site for kinetochore formation and microtubule attachment and are essential for accurate chromosome segregation. Although centromere identity is defined by the presence of the histone H3 variant CenH3/ centromere protein A (CENP-A), little is known about how epigenetic modifications on CenH3 might regulate kinetochore assembly and centromere function. Here we show that CENP-A from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, termed Cse4, is methylated on arginine 37 (R37) and that this methylation regulates the recruitment of kinetochore components to centromeric sequences. The absence of Cse4 R37 methylation caused a growth defect in cells lacking the centromere binding factor Cbf1 and synthetic lethality when combined with mutations in components of the Ctf19 linker complex that connects the inner kinetochore to microtubule-binding proteins. The cells showed a cell-cycle arrest in G2/M phase and defects in plasmid and chromosome segregation. Furthermore, the levels of Mtw1/ MIND (Mtw1 including Nnf1-Nsl1-Dsn1) and Ctf19 components at the centromere, but not of Cse4 itself, were reduced in the absence of Cse4 R37 methylation, thus showing that this modification regulates the recruitment of linker components to the centromere. Altogether, our data identify a unique regulatory principle on centromeric chromatin by posttranslational modification of the amino terminus of CenH3.

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“…By contrast, there is a uniform distribution along the meiotic chromosomes at metaphase I. Recently, phosphoserines on the specific centromeric histone H3 versus the canonical histone H3 were reported to delineate the centromeric and pericentromeric regions of the chromosome with regard to the functions of chromosome segregation and cohesion (Zhang et al, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kaszas and Cande (2000) found that phosphorylation of histone H3 Ser-10 was correlated with the maintenance of sister chromatid cohesion. Phosphorylation of H3 is typically detected in pericentromeric regions of the mitotic chromosome and in meiosis (Zhang et al, 2005). In the afd1 mutant, phosphorylation is found only at pericentromeric regions in metaphase I.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Minichromosome Analysis of Chromosome Pairing, Disjunction, and Sister Chromatid Cohesion in Maize

Han

Gao

et al. 2007

The Plant Cell

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With the advent of engineered minichromosome technology in plants, an understanding of the properties of small chromosomes is desirable. Twenty-two minichromosomes of related origin but varying in size are described that provide a unique resource to study such behavior. Fourteen minichromosomes from this set could pair with each other in meiotic prophase at frequencies between 25 and 100%, but for the smaller chromosomes, the sister chromatids precociously separated in anaphase I. The other eight minichromosomes did not pair with themselves, and the sister chromatids divided equationally at meiosis I. In plants containing one minichromosome, the sister chromatids also separated at meiosis I. In anaphase II, the minichromosomes progressed to one pole or the other. The maize (Zea mays) Shugoshin protein, which has been hypothesized to protect centromere cohesion in meiosis I, is still present at anaphase I on minichromosomes that divide equationally. Also, there were no differences in the level of phosphorylation of Ser-10 of histone H3, a correlate of cohesion, in the minichromosomes in which sister chromatids separated during anaphase I compared with the normal chromosomes. These analyses suggest that meiotic centromeric cohesion is compromised in minichromosomes depending on their size and cannot be maintained by the mechanisms used by normal-sized chromosomes.

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Phosphoserines on Maize CENTROMERIC HISTONE H3 and Histone H3 Demarcate the Centromere and Pericentromere during Chromosome Segregation

Cited by 72 publications

References 57 publications

Partitioning of the Maize Epigenome by the Number of Methyl Groups on Histone H3 Lysines 9 and 27

Partitioning of the Maize Epigenome by the Number of Methyl Groups on Histone H3 Lysines 9 and 27

Methylation of CenH3 arginine 37 regulates kinetochore integrity and chromosome segregation

Minichromosome Analysis of Chromosome Pairing, Disjunction, and Sister Chromatid Cohesion in Maize

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