Photo-stimulated charge transfer in contact electrification coupled with plasmonic excitations

Total electrification of large-scale nanophotonic arrays by frictional charges

“…This allows the injection of hot electrons into the ITO substrate and thus leaves the Au positively charged owing to electronic depletion. 19 This charge transfer direction for Au nanoparticles with a specific l LSPR observed in our experiments is consistent with the thermodynamic model proposed by Sheldon et al, 30 see more detailed explanation in the ESI † (Fig. S2).…”

“…This observed slow SP decay can have multiple origins ranging from uncompensated charges with long lifetimes, to charge exchange with the ambient which is influenced via a screening effect through the formation of a water layer or from the presence of a charge-trapping layer and/or a wider Au/ITO Schottky-type interface. 17,19 To probe this further, we have conducted depthprofiling XPS measurements using low-energy monoatomic Ar + sputtering with an average sputtering rate of 1.7 Å per step. UPS measurements at these depths clearly shows the presence of a barrier (j B 0.55 eV, Fig.…”

“…For triboelectric devices, photo-stimulation for charge density control has been demonstrated earlier in low-bandgap halide semiconductors 17 and perovskites, 18 however, utilisation of plasmonic effects has not been demonstrated widely, barring in Au/TiO 2 triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), which requires UV excitation owing to the large bandgap in TiO 2 (B3.2 eV). 19 Our work demonstrates the pathway towards the generation and detection of LSPR from a large-scale array of nanophotonic structures using photo-enhanced frictional charges generated upon the instantaneous interfacial interaction of Au nanoparticles (on indium tin oxide (ITO)) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/ITO surfaces. Essentially, we utilise the Au and PDMS as triboelectric materials to generate frictional charges, which then tunnel through the metal conducting metal-oxide junction consisting of an array of Au nanoparticles on a transparent conducting oxide (ITO).…”

“…For triboelectric devices, photo-stimulation for charge density control has been demonstrated earlier in low-bandgap halide semiconductors 17 and perovskites, 18 however, utilisation of plasmonic effects has not been demonstrated widely, barring in Au/TiO 2 triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), which requires UV excitation owing to the large bandgap in TiO 2 (∼3.2 eV). 19…”

3D Printed SnS2/SnS-Based Nanocomposite Hydrogel as a Photoenhanced Triboelectric Nanogenerator

“…Table shows the performance comparison between the as-fabricated 3DPH-based PTNG and previously reported nanogenerators. Most reported PTNGs involved TiO 2 as a photoactive material combined with a variety of different materials and involved complex device architecture, which failed to achieve high efficiency due to the large energy band gap of TiO 2 . ,− The high band gap value implies that TiO 2 can only respond to ultraviolet (UV) light, which accounts for less than 5% of the solar spectrum. In other reports for PTNGs, attempts were made to address the issue of large band gaps by using materials like perovskite, silicon, etc. , However, these exhibited either low stability and/or poor output performance.…”