The versatile photosynthetic α-proteobacterium
Rhodobacter sphaeroides
, has recently been extensively engineered as a novel microbial cell factory (MCF) to produce pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals, commodity chemicals and even hydrogen. However, there are no well-characterized high-activity promoters to modulate gene transcription during the engineering of
R. sphaeroides
. In this study, several native promoters from
R. sphaeroides
JDW-710 (JDW-710), an industrial strain producing high levels of co-enzyme Q
10
(Q
10
) were selected on the basis of transcriptomic analysis. These candidate promoters were then characterized by using
gusA
as a reporter gene. Two native promoters,
P
rsp
_
7571
and
P
rsp
_
6124
, showed 620% and 800% higher activity, respectively, than the
tac
promoter, which has previously been used for gene overexpression in
R. sphaeroides.
In addition, a
P
rsp
_
7571
-derived synthetic promoter library with strengths ranging from 54% to 3200% of that of the
tac
promoter, was created on the basis of visualization of red fluorescent protein (RFP) expression in
R. sphaeroides
. Finally, as a demonstration, the synthetic pathway of Q
10
was modulated by the selected promoter T334* in JDW-710; the Q
10
yield in shake-flasks increased 28% and the production reached 226 mg/L
.
These well-characterized promoters should be highly useful in current synthetic biology platforms for refactoring the biosynthetic pathway in
R. sphaeroides
-derived MCFs.