Photobiomodulation Increases Viability in Full‐Thickness Grafts in Rats Submitted to Nicotine

Abstract

Background and Objectives Photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy with 830 nm wavelength or 660 wavelength to compare the effects with parameters of 30 mW, 0.028 cm2, 9.34 seconds, and 3.64 J on the total integration of total skin grafts in rats submitted to nicotine. Study Design/Materials and Methods Sixty male Wistar rats were divided in six groups: Sham—skin‐grafting surgery; 830 nm—skin‐grafting followed by 830 nm irradiation; 660 nm—skin grafting followed by 660 nm irradiation; Nicotine—subjected to subcutaneous nicotine injection (2 mg/kg twice a day for 4 weeks), followed by skin grafting; Group Nicotine/830 nm—similar to Group Nicotine, followed by 830 nm irradiation; Group Nicotine/660 nm—similar to Group Nicotine, followed by 660 nm irradiation. The percentage contraction of the grafting tissue was evaluated through ImageJ®. The thickness of the epidermis, inflammatory infiltrates, and the space between the implanted tissue and receptor bed were determined by histology; and the expression of vascular growth factor and blood vessel density (factor VIII) were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Results The PBM at both wavelengths promoted a facilitating effect on the integration of the skin graft under nicotine and had a more significant effect on the thickness of the epidermis and expression of angiogenesis without nicotine at a wavelength of 830 nm. Different wavelengths influence responses related to the viability of cutaneous grafts in rats submitted to nicotine. Conclusions The PBM with 830 nm and 660 nm promoted beneficial results in skin grafts submitted to the deleterious action of nicotine. Lasers Surg. Med. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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