“…Cuprous oxide (Cu 2 O) is a promising candidate as a native p-type oxide semiconductor with a direct band gap of 2.17 eV in the field of gas sensors [1,2,3], solar energy conversion [4,5,6,7] and photocatalysis [8,9,10,11]. Cu 2 O is characterized by low toxicity, environmental acceptability, and low-cost elemental compositions because they are very abundant in the crust, which makes it promising for achieving large-scale industrial production to solve environmental and energy problems [10,12,13,14].…”