“…CR is widely used in the paper, cosmetics, leather, and textile industries. , However, the seepage of dissolved CR molecules into water resources induces marked toxicity and environmental effects. , The presence of CR molecules depletes dissolved oxygen in the water and its distribution during photosynthesis, thereby having a negative impact on the aquatic ecosystem . Moreover, there are several health-related side effects associated with CR pollution, including respiration problems, vomiting, carcinogenic and mutagenic effects, and diarrhea. , Decontamination of CR molecules from water using innovative and low-cost techniques has been widely conducted; , adsorption was recommended as an effective removal technique for dissolved dyes owing to its simplicity, high efficiency, recyclability, and low cost. , Additionally, advanced oxidation processes, including photocatalytic and photo-Fenton oxidation, were reported as being highly effective for dye removal. , Such advanced oxidation techniques facilitate considerable degradation of dyes and the mineralization of dye molecules into environmental end products in the presence of sunlight or artificial light sources. , Several factors control the suitability of the adsorbent and catalyst used during the oxidation processes, including recyclability, biodegradability, bandgap energy, recombination rate, thermal stability, safety, fabrication cost, and adsorption capacity …”