Photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline antibiotic and organic dyes using biogenic synthesized CuO/Fe2O3 nanocomposite: pathways and mechanism insights

Abstract

Tetracycline (TC) is a frequently administered antibiotic in many countries, due to its low price and excellent potency. However, certain antibiotics can be hazardous to living creatures due to their accumulation by complexation with metal ions which can contribute to teratogenicity and carcinogenicity. In this investigation, ferrous oxide-copper oxide nanocomposite (CuO/Fe 2 O 3 nanocomposite) were synthesised employing Psidium guajava (P. guajava) leaf extract as a reductant and a capping agent in an environment friendly and economical green synthesis method. The assynthesized CuO/Fe 2 O 3 nanocomposite were comprehensively characterized using various sophisticated techniques and their e ciency as photocatalyst for degradation of TC antibiotic and toxic dyes i.e. rhodamine B (RhB) and methylene blue (MB) was investigated. The CuO/Fe 2 O 3 nanocomposite exhibited exceptional e ciency for degradation of TC antibiotic (88% removal in 80 min), RhB (96% removal in 40 min) and MB (93% elimination in 40 min) with apparent rate constant of 0.048, 0.068 and 0.032 min − 1 . In the degradation experiments, photocatalytic activities of CuO/Fe 2 O 3 nanocomposite were studied by varying different factors such as time of contact, catalyst dose and solution pH. The role of reactive species in antibiotics and dye degradation was validated by radical scavenging studies which indicated that .OH radical has a critical role in photocatalytic decomposition. Furthermore, liquid chromatographymass spectrometry (LC-MS) investigations were employed to anticipate a plausible mechanism for TC degradation.

Synthesis of Metal–Organic Framework-Based ZIF-8@ZIF-67 Nanocomposites for Antibiotic Decomposition and Antibacterial Activities

“…It can be observed from Figure C that OFX shows high absorbance at 294 nm and confirms its model spectra . Besides, the effectiveness of antibiotics removal was determined by employing the equation ( C 0 – C t )/ C 0 × 100% . Thus, three parallel experiments were conducted for each decomposition step, ensuring an error range of less than 3%.…”

“…60 Besides, the effectiveness of antibiotics removal was determined by employing the equation (C 0 − C t )/C 0 × 100%. 61 Thus, three parallel experiments were conducted for each decomposition step, ensuring an error range of less than 3%. Different concentrations of ZIF-67 were added to ZIF-8.…”

MoS2 Nanoflowers Decorated on Graphene Aerogels for Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Degradation of Tetracycline

“…As can be seen, the dehydration of TC, with a mass-to-charge ratio ( m / z ) of 444.4, in response to ROS attack, can result in the formation of the intermediate T1 ( m / z = 427) . Attributing to the successive action of • OH radical and other ROS, T1 undergoes further dehydration, yielding T2 ( m / z = 410) . In a parallel manner, deamination as well as N -demethylation by primary oxidants (i.e., • OH and • O 2 – ) can also transform TC to T3 ( m / z = 396) .…”

“…58 Attributing to the successive action of • OH radical and other ROS, T1 undergoes further dehydration, yielding T2 (m/z = 410). 59 In a parallel manner, deamination as well as Ndemethylation by primary oxidants (i.e., • OH and • O 2 − ) can also transform TC to T3 (m/z = 396). 60 On subsequent oxidation by holes and the multiple ROS synchronously generated, these intermediates (i.e., T2 and T3) are converted to T4 (m/z = 318), T5 (m/z = 302), and T6 (m/z = 274), primarily through ring-opening reactions.…”

Prospective in vitro A431 cell line anticancer efficacy of zirconia nanoflakes derived from Enicostemma littorale aqueous extract

“…Due to its simple and eco-friendly methodology, green synthesis has been adopted recently as a substitute to the chemical methods used to synthesize metal oxide nanoparticles. Green approaches to metal oxide nanoparticles synthesis are significant because of their environmental friendliness, [4][5][6][7] low cost, physical and chemical properties, and industrial applications. [8][9][10] Metal zirconium oxide is a good material which has been extensively used in the reinforcement of structures, antibacterial agents, and dye degradation.…”