Photochemical Formation of Silver Nanoparticles in Poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone)

Abstract

Silver nanoparticles have been prepared by photoreduction of silver nitrate with 254 nm UV light in the presence of poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone). The effects of PVP concentration on the particle size, the UV−vis absorption peak, and the rate of the photoreduction process were studied. The average particle size ranged from 15.2 to 22.4 nm, with the corresponding UV−vis absorption peak position at 404−418 nm in 1−0.25 wt % PVP. The rate of the photoreduction process was observed to increase with the PVP concentration. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies further revealed that the polymer interacts with silver particles through the oxygen atom in the >CO group. A negative shift of binding energy in the Ag 3d5/2 for silver nanoparticles was observed.

Microwave-assisted synthesis and characterization of silver nanowires by polyol process

“…8d that, in the case of PVP-capped Ag nanowires, the peak attributed to O1 s is shifted toward higher binding energy compared with pure PVP. The large shift (0.9 eV) of the O1 s binding energy originates from the weakness of electron density around O atoms in the carbonyl group of PVP, implying that the surface Ag atoms strongly coordinate with O atoms in PVP (Huang et al 1996). Thus, it is probably the strong Ag: O coordination that restricts the radial growth of the Ag nanowires along the (100) direction.…”

Preparation of colloidal silver nanoparticles in poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) by γ-irradiation

“…chemical [10][11][12][13], electrochemical [14] and photochemical reduction [15], ultrasound [16], microwave [17] gamma and electron irradiation [18][19][20][21][22][23][24]) for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles with different stabilisers have been developed.…”

“…A method using ionising radiation (gamma and electron) provides several advantages compared to other methods [13][14][15][16][17], such as: (1) the process is carried out at room temperature; (2) reducing agents fairly uniformly occur in the irradiated solution; (3) the reaction rate can be reliably controlled by varying irradiation time; (4) colloidal silver nanoparticles can be purely prepared without contamination of excessive reductant and silver ion residue; (5) the size of the particles is easily controlled by varying silver ion concentration; (6) mass production can be carried out at a comparatively reasonable cost.…”

Synthesis and immobilization of silver nanoparticles on aluminosilicate nanotubes and their antibacterial properties

“…However, it is a challenge to synthesize MNPs with high dispersion and small particle size because particles suffer from the drawback of agglomeration, which causes undesirable changes to their properties and restricts their applications (Moritz and Geszke-Moritz 2013). There are many traditional synthetic routes to formation of MNPs including chemical treatment (Sun and Xia 2002;Kumar 2007;Sondi et al 2003), irradiation (Henglein and Giersig 1999;Yin et al 2004;Abid et al 2002;Pol et al 2005), thermal treatment (Navaladian et al 2007), and photochemical (Huang et al 1996), or radiolytic reduction (Krklješ et al 2007). Many of these methods are time consuming and require the usage of additional chemicals such as sodium borohydride (NaBH 4 ) as reducing agent and polyvinyl pyrrolidine (PVP) as stabilizer or protecting agent, which can affect the surface properties of nanoparticles and diminish the overall performance of the material.…”