Photochemical vs. photocatalytic azo-dye removal in a pilot free-surface reactor: Is the catalyst effective?

Photoreforming of Glucose over CuO/TiO2

“…The lower temperature peaks, weaker for the 0.2 wt % Culoaded samples are instead related to the reduction of copper species. Being the reduction temperature of already reported CuO-loaded titania [39,40] lower than those we observed in the The SSA of the bare samples increased from the commercial P25 to FSP (which have a similar preparation procedure and are poorly porous materials, constituted by dense nanoparticles [37]), passing to the sample obtained by precipitation. The impregnation procedure affected the SSA much more than the deposition precipitation methods.…”

“…The SSA and mean pore diameter, calculated on the desorption branch by the BJH method for all samples, are reported in Table 1. The SSA of the bare samples increased from the commercial P25 to FSP (which have a similar preparation procedure and are poorly porous materials, constituted by dense nanoparticles [37]), passing to the sample obtained by precipitation. The impregnation procedure affected the SSA much more than the deposition precipitation methods.…”

Photo-Oxidation of Ammonia to Molecular Nitrogen in Water under UV, Vis and Sunlight Irradiation

“…In every reactor configuration, the liquid phase was sampled by means of a glass syringe, and the catalyst was removed before the analysis, using cellulose acetate filter (Sartorius Stedim, 0.2 µm). The filter size was larger than the mean primary particle size of nanometric titania, e.g., P25 and FSP [25], which was ca. 15-40 nm, depending on the synthesis conditions.…”

“…The optimal conditions under which to perform the reaction under UV irradiation were studied previously [25][26][27][28] and were pH 5, 0.2 M of NH4Cl and 0.2 mol/g of the ammonium/catalyst ratio to optimize selectivity to N2. On the contrary, operating under basic conditions boosted the conversion due to the creation of a higher amount of homo- Based on the values of Table 1, the addition of a co-catalyst was effective in narrowing the BG [17] and thus shifting the adsorption of the photocatalysts toward longer wavelengths.…”

“…The optimal conditions under which to perform the reaction under UV irradiation were studied previously [25][26][27][28] and were pH 5, 0.2 M of NH 4 Cl and 0.2 mol/g of the ammonium/catalyst ratio to optimize selectivity to N 2 . On the contrary, operating under basic conditions boosted the conversion due to the creation of a higher amount of homogeneous, strongly oxidizing species (OH•) but with unsatisfactory selectivity to N 2 [28].…”