Topochemical
engineering is a method of designing the fractionation
(disassembly) and fabrication (assembly) of highly engineered functional
materials using a combination of molecular and supramolecular techniques.
Cellulose is one of the naturally occurring biopolymers, currently
considered to be an important raw material for the design and development
of sustainable products and processes. This feature article deals
with new insights into how cellulose can be processed and functionalized
using topochemical engineering in order to create functional fibers,
enhance biopolymer dissolution in water-based solvents, and control the shaping
of porous materials. Subsequently, topochemical engineering of cellulose
offers a variety of morphological structures such as highly engineered
fibers, functional cellulose beads, and reactive powders that find
relevant applications in pulp bleaching, enzyme and antimicrobial
drug carriers, ion exchange resins, photoluminescent materials, waterproof
materials, fluorescent materials, flame retardants, and template materials
for inorganic synthesis. The topochemical engineering of biopolymers
and biohybrids is an exciting and emerging area of research that can
boost the design of new bioproducts with novel functionalities and
technological advancements for biobased industries.