Photodamage and Photoprotection: An In vivo Approach Using Noninvasive Probes

Abstract

Solar radiations trigger the physiological alteration in skin which progress toward photoaging. Sunscreens are known to be effective against the photodamaging effects of sunlight. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the extent to which aging signs caused by real‐life sunlight exposure could be avoided by comparing various parameters between sun‐exposed and sun‐protected skin using noninvasive probes. Female volunteers (n = 11) after getting their consent were provided with marketed sunscreen product to apply onto their skin for 6 months. Measurements were scheduled every 15 days from the baseline reading for 6 months. Cutometer, Mexameter and Corneometer were used for evaluation of facial skin parameters. Clinical evaluations showed the effects of sunlight exposure on different skin parameters by comparing sun‐protected and unprotected skin, where Gross elasticity (R2), Net elasticity (R5), Viscoelasticity (R6) and Biological elasticity (R7) showed insignificant results, while Hydration, Melanin and Erythema showed significant results. Sun‐exposed skin presented 0.72%, 0.66%, 0.77%, 1.39%, 1.99%, 2.01% and 3.15% changes in R2, R5, R6 and R7, melanin, erythema and hydration, respectively, which were potentially prevented by sunscreen application. Premature aging is inhibited by following photoprotective regimen on routine basis, emphasizing the potential benefit of sunscreen against early aging signs.

Paramagnetism and Relaxation Dynamics in Melanin Biomaterials

“…The variety with which nature expresses itself can be exploited for the realization of biocompatible materials to support the needs and challenges of a green-economy logic. In this context, melanin pigments have attracted an increasing degree of attention because of their potential applications in the realization of optoelectronical and biomedical devices. − Melanins are ubiquitous pigments present in nature, which exhibit peculiar adhesive properties and a wide ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) light absorption spectrum and are capable of acting as mixed ionic-electronic conductors, marked metal ions chelator and of free radical scavenging activities. − …”

Sunscreens and Cosmetic Formulations Containing Ascorbyl Tetraisopalmitate and Rice Peptides for the Improvement of Skin Photoaging: A Double‐blind, Randomized Placebo‐controlled Clinical Study

“…Skin hydration is one of the most important factors for the maintenance of skin eudermia. However, photoaging can reduce the level of skin hydration caused by reduced skin barrier function and by a skin inflammation process, leading to problems related to skin cell functionality (37).…”

Structural and functional age‐related changes in some facial signs of Chinese men: A pilot study

“…Skin ageing presents a slow development (by decades), driven by multifactorial mediators (genetic, gender, constitutive skin colour, sun exposure[s], lifestyles and mood). As now widely documented in various ethnicities, exposing skin to solar UVB and UVA rays leads to specific cutaneous consequences (photo-ageing), making skin ageing a complex association of chronological and photo-induced processes [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Hence, the continuously exposed human face gathers almost all signs related to chronological ageing and the associated factors previously mentioned.…”