Photoelectrochemical Nitrogen Reduction Reaction

Janani, Gnanaprakasam; Surendran, Subramani; Choi, Hyeonuk; Sim, Uk

doi:10.1002/9783527830084.ch11

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 139 publications

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“…The Co 2p spectra were deconvoluted into four separate peaks, including Co 2+ located at 782.4 and 797.6 eV and Co 3+ located at 780.2 and 795.5 eV. [ 33 ] The peaks at 932.5 and 952.3 eV of Cu 2p in Cu 2 O are assigned to Cu + , and the peaks at 934.5 and 954.8 eV are attributed to Cu 2+ (Figure 3c). [ 34 ] In addition, compared with CoMn 2 O 4 , the Co 2p and Mn 2p of Cu 2 O@CoMn 2 O 4 are shifted to the low electronic state, while the Cu 2p is shifted to the high electronic state, which indicates the transfer of electrons from Cu 2 O to CoMn 2 O 4 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hollow Cu₂O@CoMn₂O₄ Nanoreactors for Electrochemical NO Reduction to NH₃: Elucidating the Void‐Confinement Effects on Intermediates

Bai

Fan

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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Hollow nanoreactors show great potential in catalysis due to the void-confinement effect. Yet few studies have investigated the void-confinement effect of hollow nanoreactors on intermediates. Herein, electrochemical NO reduction to NH 3 (ENOR) is used as a probe reaction to study the void-confinement effect of hollow Cu 2 O@CoMn 2 O 4 nanoreactors on intermediates. Combined with the results of catalytic activity, H 2 -treated in situ diffusion Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and the finite-element method simulation confirm that the void-confinement effect on the intermediate is the main reason for enhanced ENOR efficiency. Additionally, theoretical calculations also show that the Cu sites of Cu 2 O@CoMn 2 O 4 nanoreactors are favorable for the formation of *NOH intermediates. This work not only gives an insight into void-confinement effect of hollow nanoreactors on intermediates but also provides a valuable strategy for improving ENOR.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hollow Cu₂O@CoMn₂O₄ Nanoreactors for Electrochemical NO Reduction to NH₃: Elucidating the Void‐Confinement Effects on Intermediates

Bai

Fan

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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“…The ECSA values are estimated using the equation, ECSA = C dl / C s , where C s = 0.04 mF cm –2 . [ 84–86 ] The corresponding ECSA values are 142 and 235 cm 2 for OER and HER, respectively. Hence, the SCNO@N‐CNF electrocatalyst imposes a high active surface area for the electrochemical reaction which is due to the presence of carbon nanofibers.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) was performed for SCNO@N‐CNF electrocatalyst to analyze the charge transfer kinetics during OER and HER performances. [ 86,87 ]…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulphur Assisted Nitrogen‐Rich CNF for Improving Electronic Interactions in Co‐NiO Heterostructures Toward Accelerated Overall Water Splitting

Surendran¹,

Jesudass

Janani³

et al. 2022

Adv Materials Technologies

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Electrochemical water splitting is the eco‐friendly route to generate green hydrogen, which is recognized as sustainable energy for the future. However, the cost, operational efficiency, and long‐term durability of the electrochemical water splitting rely on the choice of the electrocatalysts. Hence, developing a superior design strategy is an important criterion to establish an efficient and sustainable water splitting system. Herein, a sulphur‐rich CoNiO heterostructure encapsulated on N‐rich carbon nanofibers (SCNO@N‐CNF) synthesized via a simple and efficient electrospinning technique is reported. The three‐way redox active centers, viz., the electron redistributed active Coδ ‐NiOδ + interfaces, S‐dopant sites with modified electronic density, and the porous N‐CNF matrix, makes the prepared electrocatalyst more efficient toward oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The SCNO@N‐CNF electrocatalyst exhibits a low OER and HER overpotentials (ηOER = 247 mV; ηHER = 169 mV) at a current density of 10 mA cm−2. Moreover, SCNO@N‐CNF was analyzed as the bifunctional electrocatalyst in overall electrochemical water splitting, and it is found to deliver 10 mA cm−2 at only 1.58 V. Thus, the design and engineering of multiple active elements in a single electrocatalyst is anticipated as an effective approach to establish an efficient and sustainable water splitting system.

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“…The electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) catalyzes the generation of NH 3 from N 2 and H 2 O with electricity generated from renewable energy sources at room temperature and pressure, which can achieve zero CO 2 emissions with the advantages of simple equipment, controllable reaction, and environmental friendliness, effectively addressing the energy and environmental issues caused by industrial synthesis of NH 3 . [8][9][10][11] The NRR process involves three fundamental steps: (i) adsorption of N 2 on catalytically active sites, (ii) cleavage of the N≡N and hydrogenation of dinitrogen, and (iii) desorption of the as-formed NH 3 from the catalyst surface. During the electrocatalytic NRR, the hydrogenation of N 2 is accomplished by consecutive proton and electron transfer, with the electrolyte as the proton source and electron feeding on the current passing through the cathode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fe‐based catalysts for nitrogen reduction toward ammonia electrosynthesis under ambient conditions

Zhu

Ren

Yang

et al. 2022

SusMat

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As one of the most important chemicals and carbon‐free energy carriers, ammonia (NH3) has significant energy‐related applications in industry and agriculture. Ninety percent of NH3 is produced by the Haber–Bosch process using high‐purity N2 and H2 at high temperatures and pressures, which consumes about 1% of the total energy production and causes 1.4% of global CO2 emissions. The environmentally friendly electrochemical nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) with low energy consumption is a promising alternative to the conventional Haber–Bosch process. However, the main issue is the low Faradaic efficiency and NH3 selectivity of electrochemical NRR, caused by inert nitrogen molecules and competitive hydrogen evolution reaction. As one of the cheapest and most abundant transition metals widely utilized in the Haber–Bosch process, the Fe element has presented the potential high performance for the electrochemical NRR. This article summarizes recent advances and research progress in non‐noble Fe‐based catalysts used for NH3 electrosynthesis. Various synthetic protocols, structure/morphology modification, performance improvement, and reaction mechanisms are comprehensively presented. Based on recent experimental and theoretical studies, we aim to illuminate the structure–property relationship and offer an excellent opportunity for engineering advanced Fe‐based catalysts for nitrogen fixation. The most critical challenges and opportunities for Fe‐based catalysts are also provided. This review would open up a promising avenue toward developing platinum‐group‐metal‐free catalysts for electrochemical NRR applications in the future.

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Photoelectrochemical Nitrogen Reduction Reaction

Cited by 17 publications

References 139 publications

Hollow Cu₂O@CoMn₂O₄ Nanoreactors for Electrochemical NO Reduction to NH₃: Elucidating the Void‐Confinement Effects on Intermediates

Hollow Cu₂O@CoMn₂O₄ Nanoreactors for Electrochemical NO Reduction to NH₃: Elucidating the Void‐Confinement Effects on Intermediates

Sulphur Assisted Nitrogen‐Rich CNF for Improving Electronic Interactions in Co‐NiO Heterostructures Toward Accelerated Overall Water Splitting

Fe‐based catalysts for nitrogen reduction toward ammonia electrosynthesis under ambient conditions

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Photoelectrochemical Nitrogen Reduction Reaction

Cited by 17 publications

References 139 publications

Hollow Cu2O@CoMn2O4 Nanoreactors for Electrochemical NO Reduction to NH3: Elucidating the Void‐Confinement Effects on Intermediates

Hollow Cu2O@CoMn2O4 Nanoreactors for Electrochemical NO Reduction to NH3: Elucidating the Void‐Confinement Effects on Intermediates

Sulphur Assisted Nitrogen‐Rich CNF for Improving Electronic Interactions in Co‐NiO Heterostructures Toward Accelerated Overall Water Splitting

Fe‐based catalysts for nitrogen reduction toward ammonia electrosynthesis under ambient conditions

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Hollow Cu₂O@CoMn₂O₄ Nanoreactors for Electrochemical NO Reduction to NH₃: Elucidating the Void‐Confinement Effects on Intermediates

Hollow Cu₂O@CoMn₂O₄ Nanoreactors for Electrochemical NO Reduction to NH₃: Elucidating the Void‐Confinement Effects on Intermediates