Photographic image tissue characterization of the ulcerated diabetic foot during treatment: technical note

Pereira, Vítor Hugo Honorato; Filho, Edelson Moreira da Costa; Santos, Fernanda Thaysa Avelino dos; Santos, Thays Fernanda Avelino dos; Cunha, Sergio Xavier Salles; Brandino, Kaique Alves de Melo; Barbosa, Rafaella Alves da Silva; Caiafa, Jackson S.

doi:10.1590/jvb.2013.060

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Intervals employed in this application were described in the literature. [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Even without specific intervals for the venous ulcer evaluated, this study detected significant brightness changes after treatment. In particular, the GSM of the open ulcer acquired had, post healing, brightness similar to the adjacent skin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…P-CATIM has previously documented photographic changes in a diabetic foot ulcer 13 and has been applied to thermographic images of a) the shoulders of a patient with acute thrombosis of a subclavian vein, 15 and b) neurogenic isquemia of the lower extremities. 16 Presently, the CATIM method minimizes variations by recalculating brightness amplitudes to fit a scale with standardized brightness at the 0 and 200 levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Tissue characterization by photographic imaging during treatment of chronic venous ulcer: technical note

et al. 2015

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Chronic venous ulcers are a medical challenge with a socioeconomic impact. Tissue characterization was quantified by photographic imaging (p-CATIM) of a leg wound treated with Unna boot for 45 days. Three photographs, taken pre-treatment, post Unna boot and post healing were analyzed. Brightness on a 0-255 gray image was re-scaled with black as 0 and adjacent skin as 200. Gray Scale Median (GSM) and the percentages of pixels in each of 14 brightness intervals were calculated. Open ulcer GSM increased from 110 to 159 post Unna boot treatment, reaching 203 post healing. Predominant brightness intervals for the ulcer were 41-153 pre-treatment, 83% of pixels; 133-196 post Unna boot, 80%; and 175-255 post healing, 97%. The GSM of the subcutaneous wound around the ulcer increased from 117 to 137 post healing; the proportion of pixels in the 91-174 interval increased from 67% to 88% (p<0.001). CATIM quantified photographic changes during venous ulcer healing with comparison to the adjacent skin.Keywords: venous insufficiency; ulcer; photography; quantitative analysis; healing. ResumoÚlcera de estase na insuficiência venosa crônica constitui desafio médico com impacto socioeconômico. Quantificamos caracterização tecidual por imagem fotográfica (f-CATIM) em ferida de perna tratada com bota de Unna por 45 dias. Três fotografias obtidas pré-tratamento, pós-tratamento com bota e pós-cicatrização foram analisadas. Brilhos em imagem cinza foram recalculados para nova escala no zero preta e 200 para brilho de pele adjacente à ferida. Mediana da escala cinza ou Gray Scale Median (GSM) e proporções de pixels em 14 intervalos de brilho foram estimadas. GSM da úlcera aumentou de 110 para 159 pós-tratamento com bota, atingindo 203 pós-cicatrização. Intervalos predominantes na úlcera: 41-153 pré-tratamento, 83% dos pixels; 133-196 pós-bota, 80%; 175-255 pós-cicatrização, 97%. GSM da ferida subcutânea ao redor da úlcera aumentou de 117 a 137 pós-cicatrização, de 67% a 88% dos pixels no intervalo 91-174 (p<0,001). CATIM quantificou evolução fotográfica de cicatrização de úlcera venosa comparada com pele adjacente.Palavras-chave: insuficiência venosa; úlcera; fotografia; análise quantitative; cicatrização.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue characterization by photographic imaging during treatment of chronic venous ulcer: technical note

et al. 2015

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1–13 USTC is also a subset of image tissue characterization (IMTC), a technique applicable to most imaging modalities, including photography. 14,15 USTC and IMTC allow for qualitative and quantitative analyses. USTC was designed to (a) enhance visual perception by artificial colorization and (b) quantitate data based on distributions of image pixels in specific amplitude ranges.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22 We have applied IMTC to (a) thermographic images of subclavian vein thrombosis, peripheral neuropathic ischemia, and ulnar nerve compression syndrome 23–25 and (b) photographic images of venous and diabetic foot ulcers. 14,15…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22 We have applied IMTC to (a) thermographic images of subclavian vein thrombosis, peripheral neuropathic ischemia, and ulnar nerve compression syndrome [23][24][25] and (b) photographic images of venous and diabetic foot ulcers. 14,15 Working hypotheses for the IMTC-USTC approaches are (a) the human visual system is weak to detect all the information available in medical images 26 ; (b) tissue changes may be detectable by US or other imaging modality before symptoms or hemodynamic changes become noticeable 1 ; and (c) imaging quantifi cation may be used to follow patient evolution in disease and posttreatment. 20 This discovery level research focused on kidney disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Ultrasonographic Tissue Characterization of Kidneys in Patients with Unilateral Renal Artery Stenosis

Engelhorn

Salles-Cunha³

et al. 2016

Journal for Vascular Ultrasound

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction Ultrasound tissue characterization (USTC) has been applied to B-mode images of normal, young and transplanted kidneys, carotid, and peripheral atherosclerosis and venous thrombosis. We analyzed USTC from both kidneys of patients with severe unilateral renal artery stenosis. Seven women and 11 men, 79 ± 9 standard deviation (range = 57–96) years of age, were included. Severe, unilateral, renal artery stenosis was based on renal artery peak-systolic velocity (PSV) > 200 cm/sec and/or renal-aortic PSV ratio > 3.5. This sample population, selected sequentially by date of ultrasonographic examinations requested, was heterogeneous: kidney lengths and resistivity indices varied from 6.7 to 13.4 cm and 0.45 to 0.85. Methods USTC was applied to images selected for kidney length measurements. Pixel brightness in the 0–255 range was rescaled to zero for black and 200 for fascia brightness. Gray-scale medians (GSM) of entire kidneys were estimated for statistical comparisons between: (a) kidneys ipsilateral to stenosis (KIS), (b) kidneys contralateral to stenosis (KCS), and (c) normal, young kidneys (KN), previously published GSM = 37 ± 6 (27–48). Results Two distinct KCS subgroups were identified: (1) near-normal GSM < 54 (KCSN, n = 10, 56%); and (2) elevated GSM > 60 (KCSH, n = 8, 44%). Subgroup increasing GSM order was (1) KN, (2) KCSN (47 ± 7, > KN, p < 0.002), (3) KIS-CN (59 ± 20, >KCSN, p < 0.003), (4) KIS-CH (73 ± 20, > KCSN, p < 0.007), and (5) KCSH (78 ± 17, >KIS-CN, p < 0.05). GSM was independent of kidney length or resistivity index, with Pearson correlation coefficients < 0.5 for either KIS or KCS, respectively. Conclusions Tissue echogenicity, represented by GSM, was an independent variable characterizing effects of unilateral renal artery stenosis on the ipsilateral or on both kidneys.

show abstract

Ultrasonographic, quantitative comparison of lower extremity lymphedema versus normal control. Technical note with case reports

Carvalho¹,

Salles-Cunha²,

Braga³

et al. 2018

Veins and Lymphatics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Characterization of tissue by ultrasonography (CATUS) is a modern-day research endeavor intended to improve visual perception and image quantification. Visual perception increases with color. Quantification focuses on pixel echo brightnesses. A previously presented case report demonstrated reappearance of lymphatic channels a few days after manual drainage. Ultrasonographic images (US) of lymphatic leg and foot were quantitated and compared to a normal extremity based on proportions of pixels in specific brightness intervals. Anatomy evaluated included control- subcutaneous and lymphatic compartments. US with 256 brightness levels were obtained at the proximal, mid and distal leg and foot. Control and lymphatic Gray Scale Medians (GSM) and histograms were compared using t-test and Chi-square statistics. Average GSM was 97±9 (SD) (82-114, n=12 images) for control, greater than 51±15 (24-69, n=12) for lymphedematous leg/foot (P99% of pixels with brightness in the muscle-fiber range (41-196), in contrast to 62% for the lymphatic extremity (P<0.001). Lymphedema averaged 7%, 3%, 15% and 14% of pixels in blood, blood/fat, fat and fat/muscle-like regions (0-4, 5-7, 8-26, 27- 40 brightness intervals). Such regions were visually interpreted as lymphatic channels or lakes. Visual perception by colorization is subjective, but most people perceives details better, for example, during the day than at night. Furthermore, US images have 16 times more shades of gray, 256, than that perceived by the human visual system, 16 on average. Colorization improved perception of lymphatic channels and lakes by transforming blood echoes into red and lymphatic liquid with echoes similar to fat into yellow. Pixel proportions in low brightness intervals were higher in the lymphatic than in the normal extremity. Lymphedema severity was quantified. The CATUS technique may be used to monitor treatment effects or disease evolution.

show abstract

Photographic image tissue characterization of the ulcerated diabetic foot during treatment: technical note

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Tissue characterization by photographic imaging during treatment of chronic venous ulcer: technical note

Tissue characterization by photographic imaging during treatment of chronic venous ulcer: technical note

Ultrasonographic Tissue Characterization of Kidneys in Patients with Unilateral Renal Artery Stenosis

Ultrasonographic, quantitative comparison of lower extremity lymphedema versus normal control. Technical note with case reports

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About