Chronic venous ulcers are a medical challenge with a socioeconomic impact. Tissue characterization was quantified by photographic imaging (p-CATIM) of a leg wound treated with Unna boot for 45 days. Three photographs, taken pre-treatment, post Unna boot and post healing were analyzed. Brightness on a 0-255 gray image was re-scaled with black as 0 and adjacent skin as 200. Gray Scale Median (GSM) and the percentages of pixels in each of 14 brightness intervals were calculated. Open ulcer GSM increased from 110 to 159 post Unna boot treatment, reaching 203 post healing. Predominant brightness intervals for the ulcer were 41-153 pre-treatment, 83% of pixels; 133-196 post Unna boot, 80%; and 175-255 post healing, 97%. The GSM of the subcutaneous wound around the ulcer increased from 117 to 137 post healing; the proportion of pixels in the 91-174 interval increased from 67% to 88% (p<0.001). CATIM quantified photographic changes during venous ulcer healing with comparison to the adjacent skin.Keywords: venous insufficiency; ulcer; photography; quantitative analysis; healing. ResumoÚlcera de estase na insuficiência venosa crônica constitui desafio médico com impacto socioeconômico. Quantificamos caracterização tecidual por imagem fotográfica (f-CATIM) em ferida de perna tratada com bota de Unna por 45 dias. Três fotografias obtidas pré-tratamento, pós-tratamento com bota e pós-cicatrização foram analisadas. Brilhos em imagem cinza foram recalculados para nova escala no zero preta e 200 para brilho de pele adjacente à ferida. Mediana da escala cinza ou Gray Scale Median (GSM) e proporções de pixels em 14 intervalos de brilho foram estimadas. GSM da úlcera aumentou de 110 para 159 pós-tratamento com bota, atingindo 203 pós-cicatrização. Intervalos predominantes na úlcera: 41-153 pré-tratamento, 83% dos pixels; 133-196 pós-bota, 80%; 175-255 pós-cicatrização, 97%. GSM da ferida subcutânea ao redor da úlcera aumentou de 117 a 137 pós-cicatrização, de 67% a 88% dos pixels no intervalo 91-174 (p<0,001). CATIM quantificou evolução fotográfica de cicatrização de úlcera venosa comparada com pele adjacente.Palavras-chave: insuficiência venosa; úlcera; fotografia; análise quantitative; cicatrização.
Fractures of the tibial plateau are relatively rare, representing around 1.2% of all fractures. The tibia, due to its subcutaneous location and poor muscle coverage, is exposed and suffers large numbers of traumas, not only fractures, but also crush injuries and severe bruising, among others, which at any given moment, could lead compartment syndrome in the patient. The case is reported of a 58-year-old patient who, following a tibial plateau fracture, presented compartment syndrome of the leg and was submitted to decompressive fasciotomy of the four right compartments. After osteosynthesis with internal fixation of the tibial plateau using an L-plate, the patient again developed compartment syndrome.
Treatment of an ulcerated diabetic foot was documented photographically. We adapted the ultrasonographic tissue characterization (USTC or CATUS) technique to develop a photographic image tissue characterization (p-IMTC or CATIM) method. Five photographs, taken during medical treatment of an ulcerated diabetic foot following digital amputation, were quantified using imaging software designed to determine brightness intensity in grey scale images. The grey scale median (GSM) changed from 127 to 98; 86; 76; and 83 (out of 255) during follow-up. The area of lesion was estimated by number of pixels and reduced from 17.85 cm² to 12.44; 3.68; 2.11; and 0.15 cm². The percentage of total number of pixels showing granulation tissue increased from 11% to 34%; 56%; 62%; and 75%. p-IMTC quantified treatment progress. GSM quantified generalized changes in tissues, while the area of lesion and granulation tissue were documented quantitatively. Lesions, ulcers, wounds or other tissues can be analyzed using p-IMTC, allowing quantification, characterization and control of the progression of a condition or treatment.Keywords: diabetic foot; ulcer; photography; quantitative analysis. ResumoTratamento do pé diabético ulcerado é documentado fotograficamente. Adaptamos a técnica da caracterização tecidual ultrassonográfica (CATUS ou USTC) para análise da imagem fotográfica (CATIM ou p-IMTC). Cinco fotografias obtidas durante tratamento médico de pé diabético ulcerado, pós-amputação digital, foram quantificadas por software de imagem desenvolvido para caracterizar amplitudes de brilho em tons cinza. A mediana da escala cinzenta, ou Grey Scale Median (GSM), alterou de 127 para 98; 86; 76; e 83 durante o seguimento. Área da lesão, estimada por número de pixels, diminuiu de 17,85 para 12,44; 3,68; 2,11; e 0,15 cm². A porcentagem de número de pixels com granulação aumentou de 11% para 34%; 56%; 62%; e 75%. CATIM quantificou progresso do tratamento. GSM quantificou modificações generalizadas do tecido, a área da lesão foi estimada e a granulação foi documentada quantitativamente. Análises CATIM de lesões, úlceras, feridas, ou outros tecidos podem ser feitas, permitindo quantificação, caracterização e controle da evolução do agravo ou tratamento.Palavras-chave: pé diabético; úlcera; fotografia; análise quantitativa.
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