Photoinduced grafting of ultrafiltration membranes: comparison of poly(ether sulfone) and poly(sulfone)

An extensive study of the surface chemical changes to poly(ether sulphone) (PES) ultrafiltration membranes is made for the first time by the use of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) after photoirradiation at 254 nm with irradiances varying from 10 to 300 mJ cm −2 in a nitrogen atmosphere. Complementary information is provided by analysis with x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). The versatility, superior specificity and sensitivity of using ToF-SIMS to investigate degradation phenomena are highlighted. The combined results demonstrate that photoirradiation causes a number of chemical changes to the surface: incorporation of oxygen; degradation of the benzene rings and formation of oxidized carbon species; depletion of carbon; reduction of -SO 2 -to some extent; formation of -OH, C O and -SO 3 H groups; and probable formation of -C 6 H 4 -O-C 6 H 5 end-groups. In addition, no -OSO 3 H groups are formed and no formation of SO 2 is detected. Also, it is shown that chain scission dominates below an irradiation dose of ∼200 mJ cm −2 (at 254 nm in a nitrogen atmosphere). At higher doses, cross-linking becomes dominant.

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“…The most pronounced trend is observed for a broad band at 3700-3200 cm 1 , which is indicative of -OH group formation (Fig. 3).…”

Section: Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared Specmentioning

confidence: 92%

Photodegradation of poly(ether sulphone) Part 1. A time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry study

Norrman

Kingshott

Kæselev³

et al. 2004

Surface & Interface Analysis

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“…1 Preparation of modified membranes: 30-kDa PES membranes were modified by using a UV-induced graft polymerization method as described in detail in Taniguchi, Belfort and co-workers. [3,6,15,16] A Rayonet photochemical chamber reactor system (Model RPR-100, Southern New England, Ultraviolet Co., Branford, CT) containing 300-nm UV lamps ( % 15 % of the energy was at < 280 nm) was used. The membranes were dipped in spyropyran monomer solution (1 % w/v in ethyl acetate) for 1 h with stirring at 22 AE 1 8C, removed from the monomer solution, purged with N 2 for 10 min, and irradiated with 300-nm UV light in water-saturated N 2 for 4 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A commercial PES 30-kDa synthetic membrane filter was chosen as a model membrane surface because of its high sensitivity to 300-nm UV radiation and because it is one of the most widely used polymeric materials that is used to produce commercial ultrafiltration membranes and support layers for reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes. [16] The synthesized vinyl spiropyran was photografted onto the 30-kDa PES ultrafiltration membranes by using our standard grafting method. Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR/FTIR) was used to demonstrate that the vinyl monomers were grafted onto the PES membranes.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An Optically Reversible Switching Membrane Surface

2006

Self Cite

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Lighting the way: Through the combination of a UV‐grafting process with the photoresponsive properties of spiropyran molecules, an optically reversible switching membrane surface was developed. This process can be used in preference to inducing physical movement of long‐chain SAMs toward an electrode and as a result improve many industrial opportunities including those dependent on surface wettability and molecular adhesion.

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“…To increase hydrophilic nature of the blood contacting membranes, numerous surface modification methods have been suggested which can be summarized as follows: 1) blending hydrophilic polymers such as 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine (MPC) [2][3][4][5][6][7][8], polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) [9,10], or polyethylene oxide (PEO) [11,12] into the membrane forming solution, 2) grafting hydrophilic groups such as polyethylene glycol by UV-irradiation [13][14][15] or low temperature plasma technique [16][17][18][19], 3) graft copolymerization of monomers [20][21][22][23], 4) coating with hydrophilic polymers or copolymers [24][25][26][27][28][29]. Hemodialysis membranes were also immobilized with low molecular weight anticoagulant heparin to decrease protein adsorption capacities, hence, to improve hemocompatibilities [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of urease immobilization on the transport characteristics and protein adsorption capacity of cellulose acetate based hemodialysis membranes

Mahlicli

Altınkaya

2009

J Mater Sci: Mater Med

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In this study, cellulose acetate (CA) based hemodialysis membranes were prepared by a dry phase inversion method and the influences of urease immobilization on the clearing performance and protein adsorption capacity of the membranes were investigated. Permeation experiments have shown that modification of CA membranes with urease immobilization not only enhanced the transport rate of urea but also increased the permeation coefficients of uric acid and creatinine by changing the structure of the membrane. Furthermore, the protein adsorption capacity of the CA membranes decreased. On the other hand, the mechanical strength of the modified CA membrane did not change significantly compared with that of the unmodified one. A mathematical model was derived to determine the rate of mass transfer of urea through modified CA membranes. Model predictions along with the experimental data suggest that urease immobilization can be used as an alternative method in preparing CA based hemodialysis membranes with improved transport characteristics and biocompatibility through reduced protein adsorption capacities.

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Photoinduced grafting of ultrafiltration membranes: comparison of poly(ether sulfone) and poly(sulfone)

Cited by 118 publications

References 14 publications

Photodegradation of poly(ether sulphone) Part 1. A time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry study

Photodegradation of poly(ether sulphone) Part 1. A time‐of‐flight secondary ion mass spectrometry study

An Optically Reversible Switching Membrane Surface

The effects of urease immobilization on the transport characteristics and protein adsorption capacity of cellulose acetate based hemodialysis membranes

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