Photoionization studies of free sodium ammonia clusters

Nitsch, C.; Schulz, Claus-Peter; Gerber, A.; Zimmermann-Edling, W.; Hertel, I. V.

doi:10.1007/bf01426368

Cited by 51 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The Na+(H 2 0) and Na +(NH 3 ) stretching frequencies are in excellent agreement with the values found by Schulz et al [14] and Nitsch et al [15], and the Na+(H 2 0) frequency is also very close to that calculated previously [9,23]. A summary of all the vibrational frequencies measured in this study may be found in Table 1.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…However, we have not accurately determined a for the complexes in this study. The adiabatic IEs for Na(H 2 0) and Na(NH 3 ) are, nevertheless, in excellent agreement with values obtained from PIE spectra by Schulz et al [14] and Nitsch et al [15] and with calculated values [10,11,23], while the adiabatic IEs of the deuterated complexes are shifted = 70 em-1 to lower frequency because of the changes in their zero point vibrational energies.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…The 'pick-up· [ 14,15] source consisted of a pulsed supersonic jet which contained the water or ammonia molecules and a sodium beam that intersected the supersonic jet at right angles. The sodium atoms, after undergoing several collisions, were entrained in the jet, and a small fraction of them formed clusters.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, the only measurements of intermolecular vibrational modes of such clusters were made by Hertel and co-workers, who determined the sodium ionmolecule stretching vibrational frequencies for the 1: 1 complexes of Na + with water and ammonia from photoionization efficiency (PIE) spectra of the neutral dimers [ 14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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ZEKE-PFI spectroscopy of 1:1 complexes of sodium with water and ammonia

Rodham

Blake

1997

Chemical Physics Letters

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ZEKE-PFI (zero kinetic energy pulsed field ionization) photoelectron spectra of the Na(H 2 0), Na(D 2 0), Na(NH 3 ), and Na(ND 3 ) complexes are reported. Spectra of all four complexes were obtained by single-photon ionization, and, for the Na(NH 3 ) and Na(ND 3 ) complexes, by two-color (I+ I') photoionization as well, with the A 2 E state serving as the intermediate resonance. Improved values for the ionization energies (IE) and intermolecular vibrational frequencies of the complexes were determined. The single-photon ZEKE-PFI spectra show transitions only between states of the same vibrational symmetry, in accord with the selection rule for allowed electronic transitions. Some of the two-color ZEKE-PFI spectra, however, show strong transitions between states of different vibrational symmetry which we attribute to vibronic coupling in the intermediate state.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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ZEKE-PFI spectroscopy of 1:1 complexes of sodium with water and ammonia

Rodham

Blake

1997

Chemical Physics Letters

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“…18 The pickup to argon and various other clusters was also employed for studies of photochemistry of molecules in cluster environment, [19][20][21][22] and in general for investigation of various mixed molecular clusters. 23,24 Despite these widespread applications of the pickup technique and the earlier studies of this process, [2][3][4] many questions remain opened concerning the mechanism of the pickup process itself, and sticking, migration and coagulation of the molecules on/in the host clusters -especially for other cluster species than helium nanodroplets. This paper contributes to the detailed understanding of this technique by investigating the pickup process of various molecules (HBr, H 2 O, CH 3 OH) and argon atoms on large argon clusters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cluster cross sections from pickup measurements: Are the established methods consistent?

Fedor

Poterya

Pysanenko

et al. 2011

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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Pickup of several molecules, H 2 O, HBr, and CH 3 OH, and Ar atoms on free Ar N clusters has been investigated in a molecular beam experiment. The pickup cross sections of the clusters with known mean sizes,N ≈ 150 and 260 were measured by two independent methods: (i) the cluster beam velocity decrease due to the momentum transfer of the picked up molecules to the clusters, and (ii) Poisson distribution of a selected cluster fragment ion as a function of the pickup pressure. In addition, the pickup cross sections were calculated using molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo simulations. The simulations support the results of the velocity measurements. On the other hand, the Poisson distributions yield significantly smaller cross sections, inconsistent with the known Ar N cluster sizes. These results are discussed in terms of: (i) an incomplete coagulation of guest molecules on the argon clusters when two or more molecules are picked up; and (ii) the fragmentation pattern of the embedded molecules and their clusters upon ionization on the Ar cluster. We conclude that the Poisson distribution method has to be cautiously examined, if conclusions should be drawn about the cluster cross section, or the mean cluster sizeN , and the number of picked up molecules.

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Photoionization of Yb(NH₃)_n Complexes

2012

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The ionization energies of complexes between a rare-earth metal (Yb) and ammonia were measured for the first time. Using photoionization mass spectrometry under molecular-beam conditions, the adiabatic ionization energies of Yb(NH3)n were determined for n=1-10. Ab initio calculations were also carried out in support of this work and were found to be in excellent agreement with experiment. The combined findings from theory and experiment are consistent with formation of "interior" complexes in which the Yb atom is embedded within a shell of NH3 molecules, rather than sitting on the surface of an (NH3)n cluster. The calculations also suggest that Yb can accommodate up to eight NH3 molecules in its first solvation shell before steric repulsion makes occupancy of the second solvation shell more favourable energetically. The experimental ionization data are consistent with this prediction, as demonstrated by below-trend adiabatic ionization energies for the n=9 and 10 complexes. The ionization energies of Yb(NH3)n complexes closely follow those for complexes of alkali metal atoms with NH3, which suggests that a valence electron will eventually detach from the Yb atom to form a solvated electron in Yb(NH3)n when n is sufficiently large.

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Photoionization studies of free sodium ammonia clusters

Cited by 51 publications

References 17 publications

ZEKE-PFI spectroscopy of 1:1 complexes of sodium with water and ammonia

ZEKE-PFI spectroscopy of 1:1 complexes of sodium with water and ammonia

Cluster cross sections from pickup measurements: Are the established methods consistent?

Photoionization of Yb(NH₃)_n Complexes

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Photoionization studies of free sodium ammonia clusters

Cited by 51 publications

References 17 publications

ZEKE-PFI spectroscopy of 1:1 complexes of sodium with water and ammonia

ZEKE-PFI spectroscopy of 1:1 complexes of sodium with water and ammonia

Cluster cross sections from pickup measurements: Are the established methods consistent?

Photoionization of Yb(NH3)n Complexes

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Photoionization of Yb(NH₃)_n Complexes