Photomodification of heteroleptic titanium-based, complex metal alkoxides

Schneider, Z.V.; Simmons-Potter, K.; Boyle, T.J.

doi:10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2009.02.002

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…UV reaching aquatic ecosystems is increasing due to ozone depletion, acidification, and climate change . This UV can induce phototoxicity to many environmental contaminants, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, heavy metals, and sulfonamides, as well as QDs that become unstable over time when exposed to UV. ,, When QDs are irradiated by light, their luminescence is enhanced; this is so-called photoluminescence enhancement or photoactivation . Following the photoluminescence enhancement, QDs may release Cd 2+ ions from their CdS surface owing to slow photocorrosion induced by oxidative stress .…”

Section: Specific Examples Illustrating Interactions Between Enps And...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct and Indirect Toxic Effects of Engineered Nanoparticles on Algae: Role of Natural Organic Matter

Quigg

Chin

Chen

et al. 2013

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

165

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In order to assess the overall risk posed by engineered nanoparticles (ENPs), the biological effects of this emergent pollutant to aquatic ecosystems must be evaluated. We present findings from studies conducted with a diversity of ENPs (metallic, quantum dots) on a variety of freshwater and marine algae (phytoplankton) illustrating both their direct and indirect effects. We show that in general, while the surface properties of ENPs govern their aggregation behavior and ionic strength controls their dissolution, exopolymeric substances (EPS) produced by algae determine their potential to be toxic and thereby movement through the water column and food web. The production of EPS reduces the impact of ENPs (bioavailability and toxicity) and/or their ions on cellular activities of algae. It does not however directly reduce the aggregation and/or solubility of ENPs but rather affects their stability. Complicating understanding of these interactions is the great assortment of surface coatings for ENPs. This perspective is intended to highlight our current knowledge and the need for future research particularly focused on determining the fate and transport of ENPs in the aquatic environment.

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