Photon spectra from beta sources of the Beta Secondary Standard BSS 2

Behrens, R.; Hilgers, G.

doi:10.1088/1748-0221/6/09/p09006

Cited by 3 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…3. Finally, it can be seen from the last column of table 3 that for all sources except for 90 Sr/ 90 Y the absolute photon fluences agree well within their uncertainties with formerly measured values [15]. The reason for the deviation of about 30% for the 90 Sr/ 90 Y source could unfortunately not be found.…”

Section: Simulated Depth Dose Profilessupporting

confidence: 54%

“…This effect is reproduced quite well by the simulation, see corresponding right part of figure 3. Finally, it can be seen that at tissue depths of 10 µm and larger also the photon contribution is significantly absorbed within the phantom due to its rather small mean photon energy below 50 keV [15].…”

Section: Sources At Other Calibration Distances and With And Without ...mentioning

confidence: 94%

“…• Emission probabilities not contained in the DDEP were taken from PTB-Ra-16/5 [14] and ICRP 38 [11]. • As shown earlier the 147 Pm sources are contaminated with a small fraction of 146 Pm [15] and as the manufacturer was unable to precisely specify the amount of contamination, emission probabilities of the Pm-source were also deduced from measurements using an HPGe spectrometer [15].…”

Section: Input For the Primary Emission Of The Radionuclidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the relative photon contribution with the beam flattening filter is only increased at tissue depths above about 600 µm. The reason is the rather large contribution of low energy photons around 15 keV, see [15], which is (as the electrons) significantly absorbed in the beam flattening filter of a 570 µm thickness.…”

Section: Sources At Other Calibration Distances and With And Without ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For some geometries measured spectra are available and also shown (for electrons [1] and photons [15]). The absolute fluences are given in table 3; for the measured electron spectra no absolute values are available.…”

Section: Simulated Depth Dose Profilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulation of the radiation fields of the Beta Secondary Standard BSS 2

Behrens

2013

J. Inst.

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Since several years, the irradiation facility for beta radiation, the Beta Secondary Standard BSS 2 developed at PTB, is in worldwide use to irradiate devices with calibrated beta sources. In this work the electron and photon particle spectra of the BSS 2 radiation fields are made available as data files, in addition angular distributions and the depth dose profiles are given. The spectra were determined using the Monte Carlo particle transport code BEAMnrc and are provided as electronic files. In order to verify the simulations, from the same simulations the depth dose curves in a phantom were deduced and compared with corresponding measurements -the agreement is quite good -proving the correctness of the particle spectra.

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Section: Simulated Depth Dose Profilessupporting

confidence: 54%

Section: Sources At Other Calibration Distances and With And Without ...mentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Input For the Primary Emission Of The Radionuclidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sources At Other Calibration Distances and With And Without ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Simulated Depth Dose Profilesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulation of the radiation fields of the Beta Secondary Standard BSS 2

Behrens

2013

J. Inst.

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New beta primary standard (BPS2) and revised ISO 6980 at PTB

Behrens

2023

Metrologia

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Firstly, in this work, the main characteristics of PTB’s new beta primary standard (BPS2) are presented in comparison to its previous one (BPS1), i.e., to the Böhm chamber. Secondly, the main changes of the revised ISO standard series on beta reference radiation fields, ISO 6980, are described. Finally, the application of the revised ISO 6980 to both PTB’s new and old beta primary standard is implemented. It turned out that both devices, BPS2 and BPS1, agree with each other within theier one sigma statistical uncertainties, i.e., approximately 3 % for 147Pm and 1.5 % to 1.8 % for 85Kr, 90Sr/90Y and 106Ru/106Rh radiation qualities. Therefore, as of approximately mid 2023, PTB will change from the 2004 to 2006 version of ISO 6980 to the revised version from 2022 and from the old beta primary standard, BPS1 (i.e., the Böhm chamber) to the new one, BPS2.

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Monte Carlo calculation of Spencer-Attix and Bragg-Gray stopping-power ratios of tissue-to-air for ISO reference beta sources — an EGSnrc study

Selvam¹,

Shrivastava²,

Bakshi³

2021

J. Inst.

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On-axis Spencer-Attix and Bragg-Gray stopping power ratios of tissue-to-air are calculated for 25 radiation fields of ISO beta sources 147Pm, 85Kr, 90Sr/90Y and 106Ru/106Rh using the EGSnrc-based Monte Carlo code system. These values are calculated at 5 and 70 μm depths in a unit density ICRU 4-element tissue phantom, separately, for beta and photon fields using the published phase-space data at different distances with or without beam flattening filter. The study shows that the calculated values of stopping power ratios of tissue-to-air based on Spencer-Attix cavity theory are higher than the values using Bragg-Gray cavity theory for the above-mentioned sources. For example, for 90Sr/90Y source with 3 mm/4 mm PMMA filter, depending upon cavity length (l = 0.025–0.25 cm), a comparison of Spencer-Attix theory-based values with the ISO-mentioned Bragg-Gray theory-based value of 1.110 shows differences up to 1.2%. Although the study has been done for both beta and photon fields, the data corresponding to electron phase-space data are relevant as the gamma dose to the total dose is insignificant.

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Photon spectra from beta sources of the Beta Secondary Standard BSS 2

Cited by 3 publications

References 8 publications

Simulation of the radiation fields of the Beta Secondary Standard BSS 2

Simulation of the radiation fields of the Beta Secondary Standard BSS 2

New beta primary standard (BPS2) and revised ISO 6980 at PTB

Monte Carlo calculation of Spencer-Attix and Bragg-Gray stopping-power ratios of tissue-to-air for ISO reference beta sources — an EGSnrc study

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