Photonic crystals: putting a new twist on light

Joannopoulos, John D.; Villeneuve, Pierre R.; Fan, Shanhui

doi:10.1038/386143a0

Cited by 2,987 publications

(1,661 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Moreover, compared with the unmodified SiO 2 photonic crystal, the absorption peak of the modified one had a red-shift resulting from the increase of particle diameter. That's because the position of the observed absorption peak agree very well with the diameter of SiO 2 particles, which can be predicted by the Bragg's law for the (111) family of planes: 21 (3) where l c is the wavelength at the peak position, D is the average diameter of SiO 2 particles, f is the dielectric filling ratio (for an ideal FCC structure, f = 0.74), n sphere and n air are the refractive indexes of SiO 2 particles and air respectively (in theoretical computation, n sphere = 1.46 and n air = 1). 22,23 Then, the absorption peak of the modified and unmodified SiO 2 photonic crystal can be easily calculated, which were 835 nm and 589 nm respectively.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 51%

“…materials with periodically modulated refractive indices, are attracting more and more attention of researchers because they can control the flows of photons by means of photonic band gaps (PBG). [1][2][3][4][5] The investigation of these materials has ascertained their use in many applications, such as filters, sensing devices, zerothreshold lasers, high efficiency light emitting diodes, optical switch and integrated optical waveguides, etc. [6][7][8] In order to obtain photonic crystals that can achieve these functions, it is necessary to control over the assembly of the particles which can afford reproducibility and to minimize structural defects which can diminish the optical properties of the materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modification of spherical SiO2 particles via electrolyte for high zeta potential and self-assembly of SiO2 photonic crystal

Liu¹,

Wang²,

Cheng³

et al. 2009

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Partículas esféricas de SiO 2 foram preparadas através de um novo processo de co-precipitação melhorado pelo eletrólito NaCl para carregamento e posterior auto-agrupamento em cristais fotônicos pelo método de deposição vertical. Os compostos obtidos e suas estruturas foram caracterizados por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (SEM) com espectroscopia dispersiva de energia de raios-x (EDS), potencial zeta, e espectrofotometria UV-Vis. As imagens SEM indicaram que as partículas SiO 2 eram esféricas e o diâmetro médio das partículas modificadas foi aproximadamente 380 nm, maior do que as partículas não modificadas (315 nm). Além disso, usando-se quantidade excessiva de NaCl (10 mg), uma distribuição bimodal do diâmetro das partículas de SiO 2 foi obtida e os diâmetros foram aproximadamente 110 nm e 420 nm, respectivamente. Comparando com as partículas não modificadas de SiO 2 , o espectro EDS das partículas modificadas mostrou um pico característico de Na, o qual provou a existência do elemento sódio na partícula SiO 2 . Os resultados de potencial Zeta revelaram que o potencial Zeta médio das partículas modificadas SiO 2 em etanol foi -56,6 mV, o qual é muito maior do que para as partículas não modificadas (-48,7 mV). Portanto, os cristais fotônicos que se auto-agrupam pelas partículas modificadas de SiO 2 possuem estrutura cúbica centrada na face com menos defeitos. Além disso, a espectrofotometria de UV-Vis mostrou que o gap da banda fotônica do cristal modificado de SiO 2 apresentava um deslocamento para o vermelho e o pico de absorção tornou-se mais estreito e alto.Spherical SiO 2 particles were prepared by a novel co-precipitation process improved by electrolyte NaCl for charging and further self-assembled into photonic crystal by vertical deposition method. The obtained composites and their structures were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) with X-Ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Zetasizer, and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. SEM images indicated that the SiO 2 particles were spherical and the average diameter of modified SiO 2 particles was about 380 nm, larger than that of the unmodified ones (315 nm). Moreover, when the amount of NaCl was excessive (10 mg), bimodal diameter distribution SiO 2 particles were obtained and the diameters were about 110 nm and 420 nm respectively. Compared with the unmodified SiO 2 particles, EDS spectra of the modified ones showed an obvious characteristic-peak of Na element which proved that the Na element existed in the SiO 2 particle. The results of Zetasizer revealed that the average Zeta potential of the modified SiO 2 particles in ethanol was -56.6 mV, which was much higher than that of the unmodified ones (-48.7 mV). So the photonic crystal that self-assembled by the modified SiO 2 particles possessed face-centred cubic structure with fewer defects. In addition, UV-Vis spectrophotometer showed that photonic band gap of the modified SiO 2 photonic crystal had a red-shift and the absorption peak became narrower and higher.Keywords: photonic crystal, S...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 51%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modification of spherical SiO2 particles via electrolyte for high zeta potential and self-assembly of SiO2 photonic crystal

Liu¹,

Wang²,

Cheng³

et al. 2009

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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“…Photonic crystals are materials that have a patterned periodic dielectric constant that creates an optical bandgap in the material [19]. To understand the mechanism of photonic crystals, one starts from the energy band structure of electrons in a crystalline solid.…”

Section: Photonic Crystals For Optically-active Devices and Circuitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-assembly of shape-controlled nanocrystals and their in-situ thermodynamic properties

Wang

Yin

2000

Materials Science and Engineering: A

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Size and shape selected nanocrystals behave like molecular matter that can be used as fundamental building blocks for constructing nanocrystal assembled superlattices. The nanocrystals form a new class of materials that have orders in both atomic and nanocrystal length-scales. The nanocrystals are passivated with organic molecules (called thiolates) that not only protect them from coalescence but act as the molecular bonds for forming the superlattice structure. The interparticle distance is adjustable, possibly resulting in tunable electric, optical and transport properties. This paper reviews our current progress in nanocrystal self-assembled materials and their thermodynamic properties probed by in-situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The studies mainly focused on size and shape-controlled nanocrystals to understand the role played by particle shape in determining their physical and chemical properties. Recent studies on photonic crystals and mesoporous materials such as silica and titania are also presented.

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“…Driven by the inventive work of the group at MIT [9,11,119], there is a variety of concepts for low-loss waveguide bends, junctions and couplers. These concepts are based on the recognition that light con"ned to a waveguide within a photonic crystal can only follow the waveguide, since there are no radiation modes available, i.e.…”

Section: Photonic Vlsimentioning

confidence: 99%

Photonic crystals in the optical regime â past, present and future

Krauss

Rue

1999

Progress in Quantum Electronics

445

141

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During the last decade, photonic crystals, also known as photonic microstructures or photonic bandgap structures, have matured from an intellectual curiosity concerning electromagnetic waves to a "eld with real applications in both the microwave and optical regime. In this review, we shall focus on progress and the prospects for semiconductor structures that mainly involve guided modes interacting with periodic structures, but we also evaluate alternative material systems and fabrication methods, e.g. those based on self-organisation. We shall go from basic concepts, via a discussion of the state of the art, to device applications. Naturally, the discussion of the applications will be more speculative, but we attempt to evaluate the real prospects o!ered by photonic crystals at optical frequencies while considering practical limitations. In doing so, we identify a variety of areas such as the combination of quantum dot light emitters with photonic crystals that seem particularly promising. We discuss the prospects for enhanced light}matter interactions in photonic crystals and the related material and design issues. Overall, the aim of this review is to introduce the reader to the concepts of photonic crystals, describe the state of the art and attempt to answer the question of what uses these peculiar structures may have.

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Photonic crystals: putting a new twist on light

Cited by 2,987 publications

References 40 publications

Modification of spherical SiO2 particles via electrolyte for high zeta potential and self-assembly of SiO2 photonic crystal

Modification of spherical SiO2 particles via electrolyte for high zeta potential and self-assembly of SiO2 photonic crystal

Self-assembly of shape-controlled nanocrystals and their in-situ thermodynamic properties

Photonic crystals in the optical regime â past, present and future

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Photonic crystals: putting a new twist on light

Cited by 2,987 publications

References 40 publications

Modification of spherical SiO2 particles via electrolyte for high zeta potential and self-assembly of SiO2 photonic crystal

Modification of spherical SiO2 particles via electrolyte for high zeta potential and self-assembly of SiO2 photonic crystal

Self-assembly of shape-controlled nanocrystals and their in-situ thermodynamic properties

Photonic crystals in the optical regime â past, present and future

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Product

Resources

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Photonic crystals in the optical regime â past, present and future