Photoperiodic Regulation of Tuber Enlargement in Water Yam

Hamaoka, Norimitsu; Nabeshima, Misato; Moriyama, Takahito; Kozawa, Yudai; Ishibashi, Yoshihiro

doi:10.3390/agronomy12122939

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Finally, StSP6A undergoes long-distance movement to initiate tuber formation [ 21 ]. Interestingly, the photoperiodic tuberization in water yam ( D. alata ) is also likely connected with FT-like genes, DaFT1 and DaFT2 [ 108 ].…”

Section: Pebp Signaling Network In Underground Storage Organ Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

PEBP Signaling Network in Tubers and Tuberous Root Crops

Susila

Purwestri²

2023

Plants

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Tubers and tuberous root crops are essential carbohydrate sources and staple foods for humans, second only to cereals. The developmental phase transition, including floral initiation and underground storage organ formation, is controlled by complex signaling processes involving the integration of environmental and endogenous cues. FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) and TERMINAL FLOWER 1/CENTRORADIALIS (TFL1/CEN), members of the phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein (PEBP) gene family, play a central role in this developmental phase transition process. FT and FT-like proteins have a function to promote developmental phase transition, while TFL1/CEN act oppositely. The balance between FT and TFL1/CEN is critical to ensure a successful plant life cycle. Here, we present a summarized review of the role and signaling network of PEBP in floral initiation and underground storage organ formation, specifically in tubers and tuberous root crops. Lastly, we point out several questions that need to be answered in order to have a more complete understanding of the PEBP signaling network, which is crucial for the agronomical improvement of tubers and tuberous crops.

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Section: Pebp Signaling Network In Underground Storage Organ Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

PEBP Signaling Network in Tubers and Tuberous Root Crops

Susila

Purwestri²

2023

Plants

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“…Upon elevated temperature, a small RNA StSES downregulates SP6A expression, leading to reduced tuber yield (Lehretz et al 2019). Comparably, day length-dependent USO formation has been reported in Lotus (Blumenthal 1998, Masuda et al 2007, Liu et al 2022b, Yam (Marcos et al 2009, Hamaoka et al 2022, Radish (Guo, Li et al 2019), Jerusalem artichoke (Soja and Dersch 1992) and Livingstone potato (Allemann and Hammes 2006). Interestingly, few studies focus on the effect of the temperature on biomass accumulation in Crocus vernus corms [a close relative of Saffron (Crocus sativus)] (Badri et al 2007, Lundmark et al 2009.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptional dynamics in source‐sink tissues identifies molecular factors regulating the corm development process in saffron (Crocus sativus L.)

Jose‐Santhi,

Sheikh,

Kalia

et al. 2024

Physiologia Plantarum

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AimsGeophytic plants have evolved to develop underground storage organs (USO) in the active growing season to withstand harsh environments as well as to coordinate growth and reproduction when conditions are favourable. Saffron is an autumn flowering geophyte and an expensive spice crop restricted to certain geographical locations in the world. Saffron, being sterile, does not produce seeds and thus propagates only through corms, the quality of which determines its yield. Corm development in saffron is unexplored and the underlying molecular mechanism is still elusive. In this study, we performed an extensive characterisation of the transcriptional dynamics in the source (leaf) and sink (corm) tissues during corm development in saffron.Key resultsVia morphological and transcriptome studies, we identified molecular factors regulating corm development process in saffron, which defined corm development into three stages: the initiation stage demonstrates enhanced vegetative growth aboveground and swelling of shoot base belowground due to active cell division & carbohydrate storage; the bulking stage comprises of increased source and sink strength, active photosynthesis, circadian gating and starch accumulation; the maturation stage represents reduced source and sink strength, lowered photosynthesis, sugar transport, starch synthesis and cell cycle arrest.UtilityThe global view of transcriptional changes in source and sink identifies similar and new molecular factors involved in the saffron corm development process compared to USO formation in other geophytes and provides a valuable resource for dissecting the molecular network underlying the corm development. We propose a hypothetical model based on data analysis, of how molecular factors via environmental cues can regulate the corm development process in saffron.

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“…Both these species are also dependent on photoperiod, requiring short days for tuberization (Lowe et al, 1976 ;Susila and Purwestri, 2023). Interestingly, two PEBP proteins (DaFT1 and DaFT2), homologous to SP6A, were found to be associated with tuberization in yam (Hamaoka et al, 2022), indicating a similar mechanism in tuber onset in species other than potato. This suggests that research in other tuber bearing crops could potentially benefit from the insights obtained here for potato.…”

Section: Translation and Final Remarksmentioning

confidence: 98%

Efficiently starting and preferentially filling a potato

van den Herik

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In this thesis, a diverse range of models was employed to explore various aspects of source-sink dynamics in potato. The models allowed for an exploration of transport efficiency and sucrose allocation in the vasculature, the unloading potential in the tuber unloading zone, and the competition and allocation processes at the whole plant level. In chapter 2 of the thesis, we substantiated the physiological relevance of SP6A-mediated SWEET11 blockage for long-distance sucrose transport and its ultimate delivery to tuber sinks. A biophysical transport model was developed that incorporated a single-source and a single-sink. The model revealed that high viscosity in the phloem is the major resistance factor in potatoes. Furthermore, we observed an increase in sucrose delivery to the sinks that surpassed the reduction in sucrose efflux caused by SP6A.This non-linear effect arises from an intricate interplay of sucrose and water dynamics, which recursively feeds back into itself. Recognizing that plants have more intricate architectures than a simple single-source and single-sink, in chapter 3 we extended the model to a single-source and two-sink architecture. We investigated the effects of plant architecture and sink physiology on resource allocation between the two sinks. The model was applied in a case study involving sink and source leaves, as well as tubers. This highlighted that tubers face significant disadvantages compared to sink leaves. Cumulative disadvantages experienced by tubers enabled an undirected, plant level reduction of sucrose efflux through SP6A to preferentially benefit tuber resource partitioning. We shifted attention to the tuber unloading zone in chapter 4 We employed a combined bioinformatics and modeling approach to improve our understanding of the factors responsible for increased tuber sink strength. We found that tuberization was associated with a decline in callose deposition in tubers due to a decrease in callose synthesis as well as a coordinated change in sucrose metabolism towards starch production. Using a biophysical model of sucrose unloading we demonstrated how this coordinated switch to symplastic unloading with a concurrent metabolic switch enhances the sucrose gradient. Combined, this created the physiological conditions necessary to potentiate symplastic transport and enhance tuber sink strength. In chapter 5, a comprehensive dataset of above- and belowground potato growth was generated, focusing on wildtype (WT) and plants with silencing of florigen (SP3D), tuberigen (SP6A), and sucrose export (SWEET11). Silencing of SP6A resulted in a delayed onset of tuber formation by approximately 2 weeks. However, it also led to a significantly delayed senescence of the canopy by 4 to 5 weeks. As a consequence, tuber growth was prolonged, resulting in mildly increased final tuber fresh weight. This delay in tuber onset also correlated with reduced synchronization in tuber formation and increased variance in tuber sizes. These results, combined with an ODE growth model, suggest that resource competition between tubers and leaves, plays a crucial role in determining growth dynamics,tuber synchronization and final size of the tubers. Collectively, this thesis provides valuable insights into the roles of SP6A in sucrose allocation within potato plants and have yielded new insights into sucrose allocation processes.

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Photoperiodic Regulation of Tuber Enlargement in Water Yam

Cited by 5 publications

References 18 publications

PEBP Signaling Network in Tubers and Tuberous Root Crops

PEBP Signaling Network in Tubers and Tuberous Root Crops

Transcriptional dynamics in source‐sink tissues identifies molecular factors regulating the corm development process in saffron (Crocus sativus L.)

Efficiently starting and preferentially filling a potato

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