Photopolymerization, Free Radical

Cai, Yingjie; Jessop, Julie L. P.

doi:10.1002/0471440264.pst490

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…GMA is a typical monomer for proton-transfer polymerization because of the existence of two different reactive groups, namely, a vinyl group and an epoxy group. [36][37][38][39][40] Both the epoxy group and the double bond of GMA could be polymerized through oxyanionic initiation. 41 To obtain the polycationic carriers, TEOA, a triol The synthesis route of cationic hyperbranched poly(amineester)s from TEOA and GMA through proton-transfer polymerization is shown in Scheme 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dendritic polycationic drug carriers have been prepared by different polymerization methods, and here the proton-transfer polymerization was used for the first time to synthesize the cationic dendritic polymers. GMA is a typical monomer for proton-transfer polymerization because of the existence of two different reactive groups, namely, a vinyl group and an epoxy group. − Both the epoxy group and the double bond of GMA could be polymerized through oxyanionic initiation . To obtain the polycationic carriers, TEOA, a triol monomer with a nitrogen atom, was chosen to initiate the proton-transfer polymerization of GMA with the help of KH catalysis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Design and Synthesis of Cationic Drug Carriers Based on Hyperbranched Poly(amine-ester)s

et al. 2010

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Novel cationic drug carriers based on hyperbranched poly(amine-ester)s were successfully prepared through proton-transfer polymerization. Both vinyl and epoxy groups of commercially available glycidyl methacrylate monomer could be polymerized through oxyanionic initiation of triethanolamine in the presence of potassium hydride catalysis. By changing the molar ratios of triethanolamine/glycidyl methacrylate or potassium hydride/triethanolamine, we obtained a series of hyperbranched poly(amine-ester)s. The generation of highly branched poly(amine-ester)s was confirmed by (13)C DEPT-135 NMR and 2D NMR techniques, and their degrees of branching were found to be 0.47 to 0.68. The structure and properties of hyperbranched poly(amine-ester)s were analyzed by dynamic light scattering, gel permeation chromatography, Fourier transformed infrared, differential scanning calorimeter, and zeta-potential measurements. Methyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay suggested that the cell viability after 48 h incubation with hyperbranched poly(amine-ester) concentrations up to 1 mg/mL remained nearly 100% compared with the untreated cells. The high cellular uptake of these cationic polymers was confirmed by flow cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Furthermore, conjugation of a model hydrophobic anticancer drug chlorambucil to hyperbranched poly(amine-ester)s inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 breast cancer cells. MTT assay indicated that the chlorambucil dose required for 50% cellular growth inhibition against MCF-7 cells was 120 microg/mL. All of these results show that hyperbranched poly(amine-ester)s are promising materials for drug delivery.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Synthesis of Cationic Drug Carriers Based on Hyperbranched Poly(amine-ester)s

et al. 2010

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“…Photopolymerization has found numerous applications in films and coatings, graphic arts, adhesives, dentistry, contact lenses, and semiconductor fabrication. − In comparison to thermal polymerization, photopolymerization provides the advantages of shape definition using photomasks (photolithography) and results in rapid curing while not requiring the use of organic solvents and high temperatures. On the basis of the mechanism of photoinitiation, photopolymerization reactions can be broadly divided into free radical and cationic systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of Oxygen-Inhibited Free Radical Photopolymerization in a PDMS Microfluidic Device

et al. 2008

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Free-radical photopolymerization performed within PDMS microfluidic devices is now used for a variety of applications. We propose, through model and experiment, that atmospheric oxygen diffusing in through the porous PDMS is responsible for the presence, under UV light, of a thin, un-cross-linked film of oligomer abutting the walls of an all-PDMS device. After the advent of light exposure, an induction time τ i is required before the oxygen present in the oligomer is depleted, and cross-linking reactions can begin. A polymerized structure then grows from the center of the device outward, increasing sharply in height with time and leaving only a thin un-cross-linked film of thickness, δ i,c , close to the walls where oxygen can penetrate. Under suitable simplification of the reaction-diffusion model developed, scaling relationships were obtained for τ i (∼Da-1) and δ i,c (∼Da-1/2) as a function of a Damköhler number, Da. The relationships were successfully verified by comparison with both the full solution and experimental data. The analysis shows that control over particle height can be obtained more easily by changing initiator concentration, irradiation intensity, or channel height rather than exposure time.

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“…(Meth)acrylated compounds can be polymerized through a radical mechanism [ 14 ], which could be an advantage when a cellulosic filler is present. Specifically, acrylates derived from cardanol were successfully used for radical polymerization reactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biobased Composites by Photoinduced Polymerization of Cardanol Methacrylate with Microfibrillated Cellulose

Vitale

Molina‐Gutiérrez

et al. 2022

Materials

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Biobased monomers and green processes are key to producing sustainable materials. Cardanol, an aromatic compound obtained from cashew nut shells, may be conveniently functionalized, e.g., with epoxy or (meth)acrylate groups, to replace petroleum-based monomers. Photoinduced polymerization is recognized as a sustainable process, less energy intensive than thermal curing; however, cardanol-based UV-cured polymers have relatively low thermomechanical properties, making them mostly suitable as reactive diluents or in non-structural applications such as coatings. It is therefore convenient to combine them with biobased reinforcements, such as microfibrillated cellulose (MFC), to obtain composites with good mechanical properties. In this work a cardanol-based methacrylate monomer was photopolymerized in the presence of MFC to yield self-standing, flexible, and relatively transparent films with high thermal stability. The polymerization process was completed within few minutes even in the presence of filler, and the cellulosic filler was not affected by the photopolymerization process.

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Photopolymerization, Free Radical

Cited by 8 publications

References 114 publications

Design and Synthesis of Cationic Drug Carriers Based on Hyperbranched Poly(amine-ester)s

Design and Synthesis of Cationic Drug Carriers Based on Hyperbranched Poly(amine-ester)s

Modeling of Oxygen-Inhibited Free Radical Photopolymerization in a PDMS Microfluidic Device

Biobased Composites by Photoinduced Polymerization of Cardanol Methacrylate with Microfibrillated Cellulose

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