Photosensitive antibacterial and cytotoxicity performances of a TiO₂/carboxymethyl chitosan/poly(vinyl alcohol) nanocomposite hydrogel by in situ radiation construction

Abstract

Nano‐TiO2/carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS)/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) ternary nanocomposite hydrogels were prepared by freezing–thawing cycles and electron‐beam radiation with PVA, CMCS, and nano‐TiO2 as raw materials. The presence of nano‐TiO2 nanoparticles in the composite hydrogels was confirmed by thermogravimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X‐ray powder diffraction. Field emission scanning electron microscopy images also illustrated that the TiO2/CMCS/PVA hydrogel exhibited a porous and relatively regular three‐dimensional network structure; at the same time, there was the presence of embedded nano‐TiO2 throughout the hydrogel matrix. In addition, the nano‐TiO2/CMCS/PVA composite hydrogels displayed significant antibacterial activity with Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus as bacterial models. The antibacterial activity was demonstrated by the antibacterial circle method, plate count method, and cell density method. Also, with the Alamar Blue assay, the cytotoxicity of the composite hydrogel materials to L929 cells was studied. The results suggest that these materials had no obvious cytotoxicity. Thus, we may have developed a novel, good biocompatibility hydrogel with inherent photosensitive antibacterial activity with great potential for applications in the fields of cosmetics, medical dressings, and environmental protection. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016, 133, 44150.

Chitosan-TiO2: A Versatile Hybrid Composite

“…Longo et al [82] explained that TiO 2 could be present or trapped on the composite surface, thus enhancing their antimicrobial activity due to the generation of electron-hole pairs without the need of light-induced radiation (Figure 3b). Similar results were reported by Li et al [81] and Xiao et al [6] using a CS-Ag-TiO 2 composite against E. coli, S. aureus, P. aureginosa, and C. albicans, probably for the synergistic effect of the three components, which suggests that microbial inactivation is linked with electrostatic interactions between the cell membranes and the composite, followed by oxidative stress caused by photo-generated reactive radicals, causing cell death (Figure 3d).…”

“…They also stated that a GO-CS-TiO 2 composite can selectively increase the permeability of microbial cell membranes, promoting a leakage of cell contents, mainly by the direct physical interaction between the GO-CS-TiO 2 composite and the microorganisms. Additionally, it has been reported that nano-TiO 2 /CS/PVA ternary composite exhibited enhanced antimicrobial activity against E. coli and S. aureus than the individual components [81].…”

Recent Advances in Antimicrobial Hydrogels Containing Metal Ions and Metals/Metal Oxide Nanoparticles

“…Recently, photosensitive antibacterial TiO 2 -NPs/CMCh/PVA ternary nanocomposite hydrogels have been reported [ 170 ]. Nanocomposite hydrogels were prepared by freezing-thawing cycles and electron-beam radiation with PVA, CMCh and TiO 2 -NPs as raw materials.…”

PVA/Poly(hexamethylene guanidine)/Gallic Acid Composite Hydrogel Films and Their Antibacterial Performance

“…They found that the antibacterial rate initially increases and then gradually decreases as the quality fraction of CMCS increases. The maximum antibacterial rate can be 98.63% when the mass fraction of CMCS is 20% . Kim et al prepared a thermosensitive methylcellulose hydrogel containing AgNPs via one-pot synthesis.…”

“…The maximum antibacterial rate can be 98.63% when the mass fraction of CMCS is 20%. 22 Kim et al prepared a thermosensitive methylcellulose hydrogel containing AgNPs via one-pot synthesis. In spite of the type of bacteria, asprepared hydrogels show an excellent antibacterial rate of 99.9% when the initial bacterial concentration is 2 × 10 5 CFU/ mL.…”