Photoshopped missiles and fallen Iran’s ballistic missile program and its foreign and security policy towards the United States under the Trump Administration

Eslami, Mohammad

doi:10.21308/recp.55.02

Cited by 19 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The two states have also cooperated closely during the Syrian war. Albeit Russia and Iran are considered ‘energy competitors’ (Eslami & Papageorgiou, 2021, p. 3), the two states have explored opportunities for cooperation by signing a five-year strategic cooperation agreement and establishing an energy sector working group (Sputnik News, 2016) while Russian companies, Lukoil 7 and Rosatom have expressed their interest in developing projects in Iran. Furthermore, the two countries signed a historic US$20 billion (Trotman, 2014) energy deal in 2014, allowing Iran to offset its oil with Russian military production regardless of US objections (Freniok, 2020; Shokri, 2019).…”

Section: Strategic Triangle: the Evolution Of China–iran–russia’s Rel...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The relationship of the three states with the West, and particularly the United States, ranges from tense to conflictual, while all three, on many occasions, have expressed their shared worldviews for a multipolar world and their dissatisfaction with US unilateral actions. 2 This tendency has been particularly evident after the US withdrawal from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) in 2018 and the respective sanctions against Iran (Eslami & Vieira, 2020, 2022; Eslami, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A ‘Soft’ Balancing Ménage à Trois? China, Iran and Russia Strategic Triangle vis-à-vis US Hegemony

Papageorgiou

Eslami

Duarte

2023

Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs

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The recent rapprochement among China, Iran and Russia reveals the emergence of a new, unexpected, regional strategic triangle with the potential to balance the United States’ dominant position. By focusing on the evolution of this strategic triangle in the post-Cold War period, this article investigates the driving forces that bring the three states together, namely the US power and unilateralism as materialised in NATO’s eastward expansion, the sanctions on Russia after the annexation of Crimea and the war in Ukraine, the sanctions against Iran, the US trade war with China and the hostile US posture during the coronavirus disease-2019 pandemic. Drawing on soft balancing theory, this article provides an empirical assessment of China–Iran– Russia strategies in countering the US power. Thus, this article aims to fill a gap in the existing literature by investigating this triangular relationship and its balancing potential under the analytic construct of a strategic triangle. Finally, the analysis demonstrates that the three states have employed soft balancing mechanisms, primarily economic strengthening and entangling diplomacy in international institutions. At the same time, territorial denial was sought on various occasions due to the regional importance of this triangular relationship. In conclusion, the article also offers insights into potential hard-balancing behaviour in the long run.

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Section: Strategic Triangle: the Evolution Of China–iran–russia’s Rel...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A ‘Soft’ Balancing Ménage à Trois? China, Iran and Russia Strategic Triangle vis-à-vis US Hegemony

Papageorgiou

Eslami

Duarte

2023

Journal of Asian Security and International Affairs

Self Cite

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“…In the specific context of this article, which centers around Saudi missile activities and the factors influencing their strengthening and promotion, several distinct categories of resources can be identified. The first category primarily consists of sources that highlight missile development and its causes and effects in the Middle East, with a particular focus on Iran's behavior rather than Saudi Arabia and other rival nations (Ahmadian, 2021; Azizi et al, 2020; Eslami, 2021). Notably, a review of the literature on Middle East missile activities reveals that researchers tend to associate missile activity in the region primarily with Iran.…”

Section: Research Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional deterrence, strategic challenges, and Saudi Arabia's missile development program

Pirsalami,

Shirzadi

2023

Digest Mid East Studies

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The turbulent security environment of the Middle East has been the most crucial factor influencing the behavior of governments in this region. Saudi Arabia, as one of the most important countries in the area, has embarked on a nontransparent effort to develop its missile program in recent decades, raising significant concerns about the security of the Middle East. This article adopts the regional deterrence approach and strategically examines the various dimensions of Saudi Arabia's missile program to explain the driving factors behind its development. The research argues that the regional deterrence concept has been the primary impetus pushing Saudi Arabia to invest in its missile program, aiming to counter strategic challenges at the regional level. The findings indicate several key drivers motivating Riyadh, including the development of missile programs by Iran and Turkey, the balance of power concerning Israel, responses to transformational discourses, offering alternatives to expansionist approaches in the region, addressing Iran's nuclear program, and the desire to reinforce regional deterrence capabilities. Understanding these factors sheds light on Saudi Arabia's trajectory towards strengthening its missile program and its strategic outlook in the Middle East.

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Introducing the Arms Race in the Middle East in the Twenty First Century: A “Powder Keg” in the Digital Era?

Eslami

Vieira

2023

Contributions to International Relations

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Photoshopped missiles and fallen Iran’s ballistic missile program and its foreign and security policy towards the United States under the Trump Administration

Abstract: Cómo citar/CitationEslami, M. (2021). Iran's ballistic missile program and its foreign and security policy towards the United States under the Trump Administration.

Cited by 19 publications

References 18 publications

A ‘Soft’ Balancing Ménage à Trois? China, Iran and Russia Strategic Triangle vis-à-vis US Hegemony

A ‘Soft’ Balancing Ménage à Trois? China, Iran and Russia Strategic Triangle vis-à-vis US Hegemony

Regional deterrence, strategic challenges, and Saudi Arabia's missile development program

Introducing the Arms Race in the Middle East in the Twenty First Century: A “Powder Keg” in the Digital Era?

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