Photosynthetic and quasi-photosynthetic bacteria

Gest, Howard

doi:10.1016/0378-1097(93)90528-a

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…4) because forested areas generally have a lower albedo, higher vegetative cover and leaf area index, and higher maximum transpiration rates than most shrub and grass ecosystems (Bonan, 2002;West et al, 2011). The total atmospheric carbon involved in the photosynthesis by shrubs to generate the same formula unit of oxygen was the most, as living organisms depend on chlorophyll content for the conversion of light energy into chemical free energy (Gest, 1993). Change of the gaseous composition of the atmosphere by a small amount may alter terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem (Costanza et al, 1997).…”

Section: Effects Of Gfgp On Ecosystem Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The tradeoff and synergy between ecosystem services in the Grain-for-Green areas in Northern Shaanxi, China

Jia

Feng

et al. 2014

Ecological Indicators

328

162

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a b s t r a c tAs an important part of the strategy of Western development, the Grain-for-Green Program (GFGP) was initiated to protect the environment and mitigate disasters. Ecosystem services and their dynamics are considered emerging features of ecological quality and the change in direction by many scholars and practitioners. Extending from ecosystem services (ESs) modeling, we propose a simple and feasible framework for quantitatively assessing the benefits and equilibrium of the consequences of the GFGP. Our starting evaluation shows that ESs has changed dramatically in the GFGP area. By fitting pair-wise ESs' spatial concordances at the grid-cell level, we have revealed the tradeoffs between provisioning and regulating services and the synergies between the regulating services. The analysis of the variability of the relationship between ESs on different land cover types clearly identifies the vegetation that has produced exceptionally strong ESs. Our findings suggest that quantifying the interactions between ESs may improve the ecosystem-based management practices and support policy-making to address the challenges of the sustainable use of natural resources. The framework designed for regional-scale analysis can help in clearly understanding the interrelations of ESs and make natural resources related decisions more effective and efficient, although this framework still needs to move beyond these fundamental and illustrative analyses to more fully explain the synergies and tradeoffs.

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Section: Effects Of Gfgp On Ecosystem Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The tradeoff and synergy between ecosystem services in the Grain-for-Green areas in Northern Shaanxi, China

Jia

Feng

et al. 2014

Ecological Indicators

328

162

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In recent decades many representatives of bacteria producing Bchl-a have been isolated from aerobic environments and designated AAnPB (for examples, see references 64, 65, 75-79, and 93). AAnPB have also been reviewed previously (20,64,78,93), with extensive work on habitat, taxonomy, morphological diversity, development and function of the photosynthetic apparatus, carbon metabolism, and their potential for use in bioremediation.…”

Section: Bacteriochlorophyll-containing Bacteria: Aerobic Anoxygenic mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for the Ubiquity of Mixotrophic Bacteria in the Upper Ocean: Implications and Consequences

Eiler

2006

Appl Environ Microbiol

124

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Microorganisms are usually grouped into those relying solely on harvesting light (phototrophy) or those relying solely on the assimilation of organic or inorganic compounds (chemotrophy) to meet their requirements for energy. As a carbon source for biomass production, they can use either inorganic carbon (autotrophy) or organic substances (heterotrophy) ( Table 1). Most biogeochemical studies of marine environments use the dichotomy of grouping microorganisms into photo(auto)trophs (primary producers like algae and cyanobacteria) and (organo)heterotrophs (secondary producers, like most heterotrophic bacteria) (see, for example, references 2 and 74).It is well known that metabolic modes of aquatic microorganisms are more diverse than that, and modes such as mixotrophy, chemoautotrophy, chemoheterotrophy, or photoheterotrophy do exist. For microeukaryotes, mixotrophy is a widespread phenomenon in aquatic habitats and is observed in many organisms (see, for example, references 16, 62, 82, and 83). Some Bacteria, like purple nonsulfur bacteria (anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria), are also able to alter between photo-, hetero-, auto-, litho-, and organotrophy, depending on the environmental conditions (93).Although mixotrophic bacteria, which invest in both phototrophic and heterotrophic enzymatic apparatuses and combine them with autotrophic and/or organotrophic strategies, have been isolated from various aquatic environments (see, for example, references 66, 75, and 93), their contribution to total biomass and their importance for biogeochemical processes in aquatic systems have been ignored.However, recent genome data of two Prochlorococcus strains (67) and one Synechococcus strain (56), together with results from isotope tracer uptake experiments (45,97,98), suggest that at least certain strains of these ubiquitous picocyanobacteria are not pure photoautotrophs and can take up organic compounds.Cyanobacteria are not the only bacteria that can harvest light energy. Aerobic anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria (AAnPB) use mainly bacteriochlorophyll a (Bchl-a) for photosynthesis (for example, see references 75 and 93), whereas other bacteria can use proteorhodopsin, a light-driven proton pump (3,13,17,23). Isolated representatives of these bacteria usually use organic carbon for cell synthesis and are characterized as photo(organo)heterotrophs (22-24, 63, 93).Genetic community surveys suggest that AAnPB and proteorhodopsin-containing bacteria (PRB) are common in surface waters throughout the oceans of the world and can make up a substantial fraction of the bacterial community in oligotrophic marine environments (see, for example, references 3-5, 10, 34, 35, 69-72, 80, and 89). Furthermore, it has been shown that phylogenetic clades, including organisms with photoreceptors, can be significant in degradation processes of organic compounds (43-45). These observations suggest that mixotrophic bacteria may be major players in photo-, hetero-, auto-, and organotrophic processes in the upper ocean, which may demand a thorou...

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“…These organisms have puzzled microbiologists, and there has been a debate (and perhaps resultant confusion) about an appropriate common name to describe them as a group. For example, the appellations quasi-photosynthetic bacteria, erythrobacteria, photosynthetic rhizobia or aerobic anoxygenic phototrophic bacteria have been used (Gest 1993;Shimada 1995;Fleischman and Kramer 1998;Yurkov and Beatty 1998). I suggest the taxonomically trivial name aerobic phototrophic bacteria (APB), in keeping with a current use of the term phototroph, namely 'an organism that obtains energy from light' (Madigan et al 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the natural selection and evolution of the aerobic phototrophic bacteria

Beatty

Discoveries in Photosynthesis

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This contribution gives a brief survey of the short history since the discovery of the aerobic phototrophic bacteria to focus on a general evolutionary scenario. Most of the citations are of reviews that have covered the earlier literature and to which the reader is directed at appropriate places in the following text. The data summarized in these reviews are supplemented with information from recent or otherwise key primary publications in order to support a synthesis that addresses vexing questions about bacteria containing photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes, but which are incapable of growth with light as the sole, or even the major source of energy.

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Photosynthetic and quasi-photosynthetic bacteria

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

The tradeoff and synergy between ecosystem services in the Grain-for-Green areas in Northern Shaanxi, China

The tradeoff and synergy between ecosystem services in the Grain-for-Green areas in Northern Shaanxi, China

Evidence for the Ubiquity of Mixotrophic Bacteria in the Upper Ocean: Implications and Consequences

On the natural selection and evolution of the aerobic phototrophic bacteria

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