Photosynthetic efficiency of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) seedlings in response to Ni and Cd stress

Abstract

Perennial ryegrass is a grass species used to establish lawns in urban areas where pollution is a major environmental problems. Cadmium (Cd) and nickel (Ni) contribute significantly to these pollutants and may cause photosynthetic limitation. The main objective of this work was to perform a comprehensive analysis of photosynthetic efficiency of perennial ryegrass seedlings under Cd and Ni stress. Some of the main indices of photosynthetic efficiency (prompt and delayed chlorophyll-a fluorescence signals and modulated reflectance at 820 nm) were compared with growth parameters. Two cultivars were tested: 'Niga' and 'Nira'. A decrease in photosystem (PS) II and PSI activity was observed. This was due to an increase in nonradiative dissipation of the PSII antenna, a decrease in PSII antenna size, or a decrease in the number of photosynthetic complexes with fully closed PSII RCs. Efficiency of electron transport was decreased. The effect on the modulated reflectance signal could indicate a restriction in electron flow from PSII to PSI. The correlation between photosynthetic efficiency parameters, such as Area, Fo, Fm, and Fv, and growth parameters, confirmed that some photosynthetic efficiency parameters can be used as indicators for early detection of heavy metal effects.

Physiological and Cellular Ultrastructural Responses of Sesuvium portulacastrum under Cd Stress Grown Hydroponically

“…But after 400 µM to 600 µM of Cd stress, plants' chlorophyll content significantly decreased (p < 0.05), suggesting a complete inhabiting of nutrients [37]. As a result, the senesce of plant leaves occurs due to the disruption of the chloroplast structure and the biosynthesis of pigments [30,38]. Overall, this result supports the idea that S. portulacastrum can maintain its photosynthetic activity under the stress of 200 µM of Cd, which could be a possible indicator of Cd tolerance in a polluted environment.…”

“…For the measurement of POD, the Guaiacol oxidation method was used [59]. With this technique, a 470 nm wavelength was used to measure increasing absorbance [17,38]. Moreover, the decrease in absorbance at 240 nm was used to quantify CAT activity, which resulted in consuming the substrate H 2 O 2 [17,59].…”

Effect of freeze–thaw manipulation on phytostabilization of industrially contaminated soil with halloysite nanotubes

“…The process of returning usable or environmental characteristics to degraded areas can be achieved, among others, by applying the technique of aided phytostabilization, which relies on applying adequately selected plants and soil additives in areas where high PTE contents have been noted 4 . In this case, the grass species Lolium perenne L., which, due to its many-year growth cycle and branched-out root system stabilizes the structure of the soil and is fairly resistant to high concentrations of PTEs predominantly as potentially harmful cations, may prove useful 5 .…”

Dicationic Ionic Liquids with an Indole-3-butyrate Anion – Plant Growth Stimulation and Ecotoxicological Evaluations

“…Many authors claim that ChlF analysis is suitable for characterizing plant responses to various environmental factors. − The reason for this is the strict correlation of this phenomenon with the PSII functioning . Based on the fluorescence quenching analyses, it is possible to provide information about energy absorption, utilization, dissipation, and electron transport in PSII.…”