Phototherapy: The challenge to accurately measure irradiance

Vreman, Hendrik J.

doi:10.1007/s13312-010-0018-1

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The radiometer that we used measured irradiance levels with a bandwidth between 429 to 473 nm, which is within the effective treatment bandwidth of 430–490 nm, recommended by the AAP 2. Irradiance levels are expressed as µW/cm 2 /nm, which means that the absolute results of the measurements depend on the bandwidth and sensitivity level of the radiometer 16 19. The irradiance levels of this study may differ from those of other studies or specifications given by the manufacturers of PT devices (table 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High variability and low irradiance of phototherapy devices in Dutch NICUs

Imhoff

Hulzebos

Heide

et al. 2012

Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed

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PT devices in the Dutch NICUs show considerable variability with often too low irradiance levels. These results indicate that suboptimal PT is frequently applied and may even be ineffective towards reducing total serum bilirubin levels. These results underline the need for greater awareness among all healthcare workers towards the requirements for effective PT including measurements of irradiance and distance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High variability and low irradiance of phototherapy devices in Dutch NICUs

Imhoff

Hulzebos

Heide

et al. 2012

Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed

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“…Measurements of irradiance are most appropriately performed with irradiance meters calibrated for a specific device by its manufacturer [10]. However, because no dedicated meters were available for the variety of light sources encountered in the present study, the authors Irradiance measured in μW/cm 2 /nm resorted to a previously-used strategy of employing the widely used Biliblanket Meter II.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Irradiance Readings of Phototherapy Equipment: Nigeria

et al. 2011

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Phototherapy devices (n = 63) at twelve nurseries in Nigeria were evaluated. Irradiance was measured using the BiliBlanket Meter II. Irradiance readings ranged from 0.5 to 18.4 μW/cm(2)/nm; phototherapy units varied widely, including locally made units, reconditioned machines, and modern equipment. Imported "intact" machines with all blue bulbs had higher irradiance readings than locally made devices using primarily daylight bulbs (2.5-18.4 μW/cm(2)/nm vs 0.5-4.2 μW/cm(2)/nm). The distance between infant and phototherapy units ranged from 45 to 60 cm, far exceeding the recommended distance of about 10 cm. Only 6% of the machines provided irradiance of >10 μW/cm(2)/nm. None delivered intensive phototherapy (irradiance ≥ 30 μW/cm(2)/nm). Phototherapy devices in developing countries should be assessed for irradiance, and the infant be placed at a distance of about 10 cm from the device. Phototherapy devices with adequate irradiance would reduce the need for exchange blood transfusion and the burden of acute bilirubin encephalopathy in developing countries.

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“…Unfortunately, no single standardized method is used for reporting NNPT dosages in clinical literature, which makes it hard to compare the dose in published clinical studies [62,92]. Thus, the irradiance dose of NNPT should be carefully checked using a standard radiometer and using an irradiance mapping technique, taking into account the surface area irradiated [93].…”

Section: Minimize the Side Effects Of Nnptmentioning

confidence: 99%

The side effects of phototherapy for neonatal jaundice: what do we know? What should we do?

et al. 2011

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Neonatal phototherapy (NNPT), a noninvasive, easily available therapy, has been widely used for the treatment of neonatal jaundice for more than half a century. Its efficiency in decreasing plasma bilirubin concentration is well documented, and NNPT leads to greatly reduced exchange transfusion rates for neonates with hyperbilirubinemia. It is generally accepted that the side effects of NNPT are not serious and seem to be well controlled. This review will focus on these possible side effects as well as the approaches to minimize them.

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Phototherapy: The challenge to accurately measure irradiance

Cited by 16 publications

References 8 publications

High variability and low irradiance of phototherapy devices in Dutch NICUs

High variability and low irradiance of phototherapy devices in Dutch NICUs

Irradiance Readings of Phototherapy Equipment: Nigeria

The side effects of phototherapy for neonatal jaundice: what do we know? What should we do?

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