Photothermal studies of copper patina formed in the atmosphere

Salnick, Alex; Faubel, W.; Klewe‐Nebenius, H.; Vendl, Alfred; Ache, Hans J.

doi:10.1016/0010-938x(95)80006-9

Cited by 21 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Probing was implemented with a continuous wave (cw) HeNe laser (Uniphase, CA), wavelength 632.8 nm, power 5 mW, and radius 60 lm. 3,[20][21][22] The probe beam offset x 0 could be varied from 100 lm up to 250 lm, and according to previous investigations 3, [20][21][22] the surface-to-probe distance (Fig. 1, inset) was set to x 0 ¼ 100 lm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photothermal Deflection Determination of Iron(II) with Ferrozine with Sorption Preconcentration on Silufol Plates

Khrycheva

Nedosekin²,

Проскурнин³

et al. 2008

Appl Spectrosc

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Photothermal deflection spectroscopy was applied to the selective detection of iron(II) chelate with ferrozine by its sorption preconcentration on Silufol plates. The linearity range was 1 x 10(-11) - 6 x 10(-8) mol cm(-2) of chelate at the plate surface, which corresponded to 1 x 10(-9) -4 x 10(-6) M of chelate in solution. The limits of detection and quantification are 8 x 10(-12) and 2.5 x 10(-11) mol cm(-2) at the plate from 15 microL of test solution (0.5 nM and 1.5 nM in solution, respectively), and the absolute detection limit is 8 fmol in the whole spot applied to a plate. Characteristics and features of photothermal deflection detection are discussed.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photothermal Deflection Determination of Iron(II) with Ferrozine with Sorption Preconcentration on Silufol Plates

Khrycheva

Nedosekin²,

Проскурнин³

et al. 2008

Appl Spectrosc

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“…The basic setup of the PDS and the nondestructive evaluation of thermal properties have previously been discussed in detail [25,26] .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to keep the hoof membrane in a stable hydrated state the whole composition was arranged in a conditioned chamber that provided a constant relative humidity of approximately 100%. The PDS measurements were carried out with the photothermal device (Monobloc Phototherm Dr. Petry, Saarbrücken, Germany), which has previously been described [17,26] . A diode-pumped frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser (wavelength: 532 nm; B&W TEK, Newark, Del., USA) was utilized as excitation source and a HeNe laser (633 nm) hereby served as a probe laser.…”

Section: Experimental Partmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Methods for Measurements of Skin Penetration

Gotter¹,

Faubel²,

Neubert³

2008

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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Fourier transform infrared photoacoustic (PAS), photothermal deflection (PDS) and Raman spectroscopy belong to the modern innovative noninvasive analytical tools that are beginning to be recognized as highly potential techniques for the noninvasive study of biological tissues and human skin under in vivo conditions. They can be applied to obtain information regarding the molecular composition of the skin down to several hundred micrometers below the skin surface. All three methods allow depth-resolved investigations. While PAS and PDS use a frequency modulation of the excitation beam to reach deeper regions in the sample, the principle of confocal Raman microspectroscopy (CRM) is a movement of the specimen in the focal plane. In consideration of depth measurements PAS and PDS complete the applicable spectrum of CRM, since Raman microscopy requires particular transparent materials.

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“…Copper subjected to outdoor atmosphere is covered by natural patina, which is aesthetically acceptable [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. Copper patina has been known since antiquity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Procedure for Brochantite Based Pigment Production and Its Immobilization for Restoration of Historical Copper Objects

et al. 2020

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The article deals with the preparation of artificial copper pigment based on brochantite. The pigment was prepared by slow additions of sodium hydroxide solution into the solution of copper sulphate. The studied parameters were addition rate, solutions concentrations, ferrous ion addition, and filtration time. The prepared pigments were evaluated by means of X-ray diffraction and spectrophotometry. Subsequent pigment immobilization in an acrylate varnish was also studied. Observed parameters were influenced by solvent type, mechanical or chemical dispersion, and natural aging in an aggressive outdoor atmosphere. Pigment containing varnishes were evaluated by means of spectrophotometry, optical profilometers, and pull-off test. Slow hydroxide addition allows the formation of brochantite pigment. Fast filtration limits backward pigment decomposition. Ferrous ion improves pigment color closer to natural copper patina. The ideal immobilization procedure includes ethylacetate as a solvent and mechanical dispersion. The varnish filled with pigment provides sufficient adhesion to the metallic copper substrate as well as long-term color stability in the outdoor atmosphere.

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Photothermal studies of copper patina formed in the atmosphere

Cited by 21 publications

References 26 publications

Photothermal Deflection Determination of Iron(II) with Ferrozine with Sorption Preconcentration on Silufol Plates

Photothermal Deflection Determination of Iron(II) with Ferrozine with Sorption Preconcentration on Silufol Plates

Optical Methods for Measurements of Skin Penetration

Novel Procedure for Brochantite Based Pigment Production and Its Immobilization for Restoration of Historical Copper Objects

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