Photovoltaic energy harvesting for hybrid/electric vehicles: Topology comparison and optimisation of a discrete power stage for European Efficiency

Nikolic, Miodrag; Zimmermann, Horst

doi:10.1109/ssd.2012.6197912

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…1, and proposed in the E 3 Car project [36], [37] is hereby introduced. The architecture is based on an active integrated electronic circuit at the cell stack level (very small group of solar cells;~9-10 cells per group connected in series) maintaining continuous impedance matching between the source and the load, i.e.…”

Section: Ev Photovoltaic Power Management Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

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A Nonlinear Average-Current-Controlled Multiphase Boost Converter With Monolithically Integrated Control and Low-Side Power Switches in 0.35-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>m HV CMOS for the Automotive Sector

Nikolic

Enne

Goll

et al. 2015

IEEE J. Emerg. Sel. Topics Power Electron.

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The paper reports the first multi-phase implementation based on recently proposed nonlinear average current control (NACC) for power factor correction and dc-dc converters. A multi-phase boost dc-dc converter with control and low-side power switches integrated on the same die using the AMS 0.35µm HV CMOS process is designed and introduced. The converter benefits from using an analogue current controllers that are very simple, insensitive to noise and independent of converter and control design parameters. Multi-phase operation enables effectively higher operating frequency (seen from the converter input and output) which in turn enables smaller reactive components to be selected. The converter is dedicated for supplying the electric vehicle auxiliary board net (12 V) from the photovoltaic cell stack input allowing a maximum power of 40 W to be transferred at 500 kHz switching frequency of each phase (effectively at 1.5 MHz). Maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is performed as the converter global control at~7.5 kHz, while the inner control loops are based on NACC. Suitability of such hybrid converters for integration with active solar cells make them favourable to be used as a solar range extender for electric/hybrid vehicles, making thus a step forward towards a complete system miniaturisation of solar regenerative energy solutions in automotive applications -solar-module-integrated dc-dc converters. Experimental measurements performed with a converter prototype including a chip based on 0.35µm HV triplewell CMOS technology verify the proposed multi-phase operation and NACC control method.Index Terms-CMOS analogue integrated circuits, current control, interleaved multiphase dc-dc converter, power integrated circuits, switched-mode power supplies.

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Section: Ev Photovoltaic Power Management Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hence, the boost topology was chosen. Regarding the dc-dc converter itself, the maximum of the converter's European Efficiency [37] was of particular interest.…”

Section: Ev Photovoltaic Power Management Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

A Nonlinear Average-Current-Controlled Multiphase Boost Converter With Monolithically Integrated Control and Low-Side Power Switches in 0.35-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>m HV CMOS for the Automotive Sector

Nikolic

Enne

Goll

et al. 2015

IEEE J. Emerg. Sel. Topics Power Electron.

Self Cite

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“…Even a fully solar powered vehicle still remains a challenge due to the space limitation and the low generated energy, some car manufacturers have started to include PV on the rooftop. Through maximizing the surface of the PV on the vehicle [39] and through control algorithms [40] the overall efficiency can be increased [41].…”

Section: Photovoltaic Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probabilistic analysis to assess the impact of the charge of electric vehicles on distribution grids under normal operation

Naranjo¹

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The incorporation of high levels of small-scale non-dispatchable distributed generation is leading to the transition from the traditional 'vertical' power system structure to a 'horizontally-operated' power system, where the distribution networks contain both stochastic generation and load (such as electric vehicles recharging). This fact increases the number of stochastic inputs and dependence structures between them need to be considered. The deterministic analysis is not enough to cope with these issues and a new approach is needed. Probabilistic analysis provides a better approach. This PhD thesis describes the grid impact analysis of charging electric vehicles (EV) using charging curves with detailed battery modelling. A probabilistic method using Monte Carlo was applied to a typical Spanish distribution grid, also using mobility patterns of Barcelona. To carry out this analysis, firstly, an IEEE test system was adapted to a typical distribution grid configuration; secondly, the EV and its battery types were modeled taking into account the current vehicle market and the battery characteristics; and, finally, the recharge control strategies were taken in account. Once these main features were established, a statistical probabilistic model for the household electrical demand and for the EV charging parameters was determined. With these probabilistic models, the Monte Carlo analysis was performed within the established scenario in order to study the lines' and the transformers' loading levels. The results show that an accurate model for the battery gives a more precise estimation about the impact on the grid. Additionally, mobility patterns have been proved to be some of the most important key aspects for these type of studies.

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A review of energy sources and energy management system in electric vehicles

Tie

Tan

2013

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

1,222

484

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Photovoltaic energy harvesting for hybrid/electric vehicles: Topology comparison and optimisation of a discrete power stage for European Efficiency

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

A Nonlinear Average-Current-Controlled Multiphase Boost Converter With Monolithically Integrated Control and Low-Side Power Switches in 0.35-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>m HV CMOS for the Automotive Sector

A Nonlinear Average-Current-Controlled Multiphase Boost Converter With Monolithically Integrated Control and Low-Side Power Switches in 0.35-<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula>m HV CMOS for the Automotive Sector

Probabilistic analysis to assess the impact of the charge of electric vehicles on distribution grids under normal operation

A review of energy sources and energy management system in electric vehicles

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