Phthalocyanine-based coordination polymer nanoparticles for enhanced photodynamic therapy

Abstract

In the photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer, zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) as a photosensitizer possesses superior photosensitive properties. However, the therapeutic effect of ZnPc in PDT is limited due to its aggregation, low solubility and poor selectivity. In this study, charge-reversal phthalocyanine-based coordination polymer nanoparticles (PCPN) are developed for improving the curative effect of ZnPc. Tetra(4-carboxyphenoxy)-phthalocyaninatozinc(ii) (TPZnPc) is coordinated with the zinc ion to form the core of PCPN, which is coated with a lipid bilayer by self-assembly (PCPNs@Lip). TPZnPc molecules in the core of PCPN are in the monomeric state and can generate cytotoxic singlet oxygen (O) efficiently, which solves the solubility and aggregation problems of ZnPc. Meanwhile, 1,2-dicarboxylic-cyclohexane anhydride modified lysyl-cholesterol (DLC) is functionalized on the surface of PCPN (PCPNs@Lip/DLC), endowing PCPN with a charge-reversal ability which could be triggered by a mildly acidic tumor microenvironment. PCPNs@Lip/DLC is proved to enhance tumor cellular uptake and generate more intracellular O after irradiation. As confirmed by in vitro and in vivo studies, PCPNs@Lip/DLC remarkably increases the PDT effect. All these results demonstrate that PCPNs@Lip/DLC is a promising nanoplatform for the application of ZnPc in effective PDT.

Novel porous iron phthalocyanine based metal–organic framework electrochemical sensor for sensitive vanillin detection

“…[32][33][34] Owing to their unique structures and various functional properties, including excellent semiconductor properties and catalytic activities, MPc derivatives have been widely used in various elds including catalysis, sensors, and photodynamic therapy. [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42] Due to its redox activity, catalytic activity, and carrier transport ability result from the extended p-system, MPc complexes have been used as the linking units in 2D MOFs, which show good stability, conductivity, redox activity, and electrocatalytic activity. [43][44][45] Here, we developed a novel electrochemical sensor based on an iron phthalocyanine (FePc) MOF for the sensitive detection of vanillin.…”

Design of Targeted Nanostructured Coordination Polymers (NCPs) for Cancer Therapy

“…The authors designed NCPs containing tetra(4-carboxyphenoxy)-phthalocyaninatozinc(II) (TPZnPc) photosensitizer coordinated with zinc ions. The preformed nanoparticles were coated with a lipid bilayer containing 1,2-dicarboxylic-cyclohexane anhydride modified lysyl-cholesterol (DLC) that promotes tumor cellular uptake through an electrostatic interaction induced by the mildly acidic tumor microenvironment [90]. These NCPs were proved to enhance selective tumor cellular uptake and generate more intracellular 1 O 2 after irradiation in vivo, which demonstrates the potential application of these NCPs in effective PDT ( Figure 5).…”

“…(a) Preparation of the nanoparticles, and (b) accumulation in the tumor after intravenous administration, which is followed by its charge-reversal ability to improve the selective uptake and effective PDT in tumor cells after laser irradiation. The figure is reproduced from Reference[90] with the permission from American Chemical Society.…”

Porphyrin-based metal coordination polymers with self-assembly pathway-dependent properties for photodynamic and photothermal therapy

“…4,11−12 Among the reported MCPs, porphyrin-based MCPs are widely studied. [13][14][15][16] Porphyrins are well-known photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy due to their highly e cient singlet oxygen 1 O 2 generation under light irradiation. [16][17] Moreover, Zheng et, al reported that porphyrins could possess photothermal conversion capability when porphyrins aggregated with high packing density.…”