Phylogenetic Analysis of the Genera Alteromonas, Shewanella, and Moritella Using Genes Coding for Small-Subunit rRNA Sequences and Division of the Genus Alteromonas into Two Genera, Alteromonas (Emended) and Pseudoalteromonas gen. nov., and Proposal of Twelve New Species Combinations

Gauthier, Gregory M.; Gauthier, Michel; Christen, Richard

doi:10.1099/00207713-45-4-755

Cited by 445 publications

(347 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…However, with recent improvements in the applicability of molecular approaches for microbial phylogeny, efforts are underway to clarify the phylogenetic organization of this genus. One result has been the reassessment of the distinctions between the genera Alteromonas, Pseudoalteromonas, Shewanella and Moritella (Gauthier et al, 1995). Gauthier et al (1995) described 13 species in the genus Pseudoalteromonas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One result has been the reassessment of the distinctions between the genera Alteromonas, Pseudoalteromonas, Shewanella and Moritella (Gauthier et al, 1995). Gauthier et al (1995) described 13 species in the genus Pseudoalteromonas. To this day, the Pseudoalteromonas group remains, almost by default, the phenotypic resting place for a growing conglomerate of non-fermentative aerobes associated with marine habitats.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pseudoalteromonas peptidolytica sp. nov., a novel marine mussel-thread-degrading bacterium isolated from the Sea of Japan.

Venkateswaran¹,

Dohmoto²

2000

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

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A new bacterial species belonging to the genus Pseudoalteromonas is described on the basis of phenotypic characterization, and sequence analysis of its 16S rRNA-coding and gyrase B (gyrB) genes. Ten strains, isolated from sea water of Yamato Island, Sea of Japan, were Gram-negative, yellow, motile, polarly flagellated, aerobic, rod-shaped eubacteria and had a GMC content of 42 mol %. Analysis of the 16S rDNA sequence revealed a clear affiliation between these strains and members of the γ-Proteobacteria. High similarity values were found with members of the genus Pseudoalteromonas and this was supported by fatty acid profiles. The 16S rDNA sequence similarity between strain F12-50-A1 T and Pseudoalteromonas piscicida was very high (99 1 %). However, molecular characterizations employing small subunit 16S rDNA sequences were at the limits of resolution for the differentiation of species in this genus. As a result, DNA-DNA hybridization and sequence analyses of a more rapidly evolving gyrB gene were performed. Our assertion that this strain represents a distinct bacterial species within the genus Pseudoalteromonas was supported by both of these molecular analyses. Species-specific PCR probes were designed for the gyrB gene and used for the rapid screening of F12-50-A1 T -like strains, thereby confirming the species. As these strains cleave complex protein compounds of the Mytilus edulis foot by secreting proteases, the name Pseudoalteromonas peptidolytica sp. nov. is proposed, with strain F12-50-A1 T (l MBICC F1250A1 T ) as the type strain.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pseudoalteromonas peptidolytica sp. nov., a novel marine mussel-thread-degrading bacterium isolated from the Sea of Japan.

Venkateswaran¹,

Dohmoto²

2000

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology

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“…proposed that a new genus, Pseudoalteromonas, should be created to accommodate 11 species which were previously classified as Alteromonas species. 23) Therefore, here we attempted to classify the bacterium.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 16S rDNA of this bacterium was also observed to have high homology (over 99%) with those of P. espejiana, P. carrageenovora, P. nigrifaciens and P. undina. 23) A phylogenetic tree was derived from the 16S rDNA sequences, and it showed the phylogenetic position of this bacterium to closely related species in the genus Pseudoalteromonas (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Identification Of the Marine Bacteriummentioning

confidence: 99%

Purification and Characterization of Alginate Lyase from Pseudoalteromonas sp. Strain No. 1786

茶木¹,

馬場²,

樋浦³

et al. 2008

J. Appl. Glycosci.

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Alginic acid is a natural acidic linear polysaccharide and the main component of brown algae which plays an important role in keeping seaweed flexible and its intercellular tissues strong. 1) It is composed of β D mannuronate (M) and α L guluronate (G), which are linked by (1 4) glycosidic bonds. Alginate may be organized in three ways: as homopolymeric M blocks, homopolymeric G blocks, or heteropolymeric M G blocks in random arrangements. The proportion of these blocks depends upon the source of the alginate, and varies in different parts of the algal tissue. 2) Alginates are widely used in foods, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics as gelling agents, stabilizers, or agents providing high viscosity. 3) To date, many studies have been reported on alginate degrading enzymes that have been isolated from many sources, including brown algae, 4) mollusks 5 7) and marine bacteria. 8 14) It is well known that most enzymes are of the lyase type that degrade alginate polysaccharide by a β elimination mechanism, a double bond being formed between the C4 and C5 carbons at the non reducing terminal (4 deoxy α L erythro hex 4 enopyranosyluronic acid, ∆). 15) Alginate lyase is classified into two groups in the substrate specificity. One is poly(β D 1,4 mannuronate)lyase (EC 4.2.2.3) and the other is poly(α L 1,4 guluronate)lyase (EC 4.2.2.11).Previously, we found that a crude enzyme from a marine bacterium which catalyzed the degradation of alginate, resulted in alginate oligosaccharides. 16) However, only limited information has been reported about the bacterium and the enzyme. In the present study, we attempted to characterize the bacterium in detail. Moreover, the enzyme was purified by DEAE HPLC and some properties of the enzyme were studied. MATERIALS AND METHODS Materials.Sodium alginate (320 380 cps, 1% solution at 20 C, Kimica Corp., Kimitsu, Japan) was used as a carbon source. Poly β D mannuronate (PM) rich and poly α L guluronate (PG) rich solutions were prepared from the sodium alginate according to the method of Haug et al . 17) Other materials and reagents were commercially available.Bacterial strains and growth media. The bacterium (strain No. 1786) was isolated from the intestinal contents of an arthropod. The bacterium was maintained in medium composed of 1.00% sodium alginate, 1.00% Na2SO4, 0.08% KCl, 1.24% MgSO4, 0.01% K2HPO4, 0.10% NH4Cl, 0.01% ammonium ferric citrate, and 0.15% CaCl2. The bacterium was inoculated into 500 mL flasks containing 200 mL of the above medium, and grown at 25 C for 48 h.Classification of the marine bacterium. Classification of the strain No. 1786 bacterium was performed based on morphological, biochemical and physiological characteristics and 16S rDNA sequence. Phenotypic tests were performed as described by Barrow and Feltham. 18) We also performed biochemical characterization and utilization test using the API 20NE system (bioMerieux, Lyon, France). Abstract: High activity of alginate lyase was produced by a marine bacterium (strain No. 1786), which was isolated from the intesti...

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“…Pseudoalteromonas comprise one of the most abundant taxonomic groups of the proteobacteria widely distributed in the marine environment [1][2][3][4]. Extracellular hydrolytic enzymes such as amylases, proteases, lipases and DNases, have quite diverse potential usages in different areas such as food industry, feed additive, biomedical sciences and chemical industries [5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation of Moderately Halophilic Pseudoalteromonas Producing Extracellular Hydrolytic Enzymes from Persian Gulf

et al. 2011

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Extracellular hydrolytic enzymes such as amylases, proteases, lipases and DNases have quite diverse potential usages in different areas such as food industry, biomedical sciences and chemical industries, also it would be of great importance to have available enzymes showing optimal activities at different values of salt concentrations and temperature. Halophiles are the most likely source of such enzymes, because not only their enzymes are salttolerant, but many are also thermotolerant. The purpose of this study was isolation of hydrolytic extracellular enzyme producing halophilic bacteria from water and sediment of the Persian Gulf. Isolated bacteria from water and sediment were inoculated in media with concentration of 0-20% NaCl to determine the optimum salt concentration for growth, isolates were also inoculated in 4 types of solid medium containing substrates of 3 extracellular hydrolytic enzymes including amylase, Protease and Lipase, to determine the quantitative detection of enzyme production, selected strains after more accurate physiological and biochemical studies were identified regarding phylogeny and molecular characteristics using 16S rRNA technique. Isolated enzyme producing bacteria belong to Pseudoalteromonas genera.

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Phylogenetic Analysis of the Genera Alteromonas, Shewanella, and Moritella Using Genes Coding for Small-Subunit rRNA Sequences and Division of the Genus Alteromonas into Two Genera, Alteromonas (Emended) and Pseudoalteromonas gen. nov., and Proposal of Twelve New Species Combinations

Cited by 445 publications

References 27 publications

Pseudoalteromonas peptidolytica sp. nov., a novel marine mussel-thread-degrading bacterium isolated from the Sea of Japan.

Pseudoalteromonas peptidolytica sp. nov., a novel marine mussel-thread-degrading bacterium isolated from the Sea of Japan.

Purification and Characterization of Alginate Lyase from Pseudoalteromonas sp. Strain No. 1786

Isolation of Moderately Halophilic Pseudoalteromonas Producing Extracellular Hydrolytic Enzymes from Persian Gulf

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