Phylogenetic conclusions from Giemsa banding and NOR staining in top onions (Liliaceae)

Schubert, Ingo; Ohle, Harald; Hanelt, Peter

doi:10.1007/bf00986607

Cited by 36 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Additional signals (variable bands) have occasionally been detected at centromeric and interstitial positions of various chromosomes of A. fistulosum, A. cepa and top onions (Figure 4). These hybridization signals corresponded in position and intensity to the Giemsa banding (Schubert et al 1983) and late replication patterns (Fussel, 1975).…”

Section: R E S U L T S Tttaggg Repeatsmentioning

confidence: 93%

How do Alliaceae stabilize their chromosome ends in the absence of TTTAGGG sequences?

Pich¹,

Fuchs²,

Schubert³

1996

Chromosome Res

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141

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The Arabidopsis-type telomeric repeats (5'-TTTAGGG-3) are highly conserved. In most families of different plant phyla they represent the basic sequence of telomeres that stabilize and protect the chromosome termini. The results presented here show that Alliaceae and some related liliaceous species have no tandemly repeated TTTAGGG sequences. Instead, their chromosomes reveal highly repetitive satellite and/or rDNA sequences at the very ends. These apparently substitute the original plant telomeric sequences in Alliaceae. Both sequence types are very active in homologous recombination and may contribute to the stabilization of chromosome termini via compensation of replication-mediated shortening.

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Section: R E S U L T S Tttaggg Repeatsmentioning

confidence: 93%

How do Alliaceae stabilize their chromosome ends in the absence of TTTAGGG sequences?

Pich¹,

Fuchs²,

Schubert³

1996

Chromosome Res

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141

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“…(HELM 1956, JONES and MANN 1963, MCCOLLUM 1974, PUIZINA and PAPE[ 1996. Since plants represent a spontaneous hybrid between A. cepa (common onion) and A. fistulosum (Japanese bunching onion), SCHUBERT et al (1983) PUIZINA J. Plants have a relatively poorly developed bulb, similar to the parental species A. fistulosum.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…× proliferum, are a vegetatively propagated garden crop in Europe, North East Asia and North America. Several karyological studies indicated its hybrid (allodiploid) nature and showed that the karyotype consists of one haploid A. cepa and one haploid A. fistulosum set of chromosomes (BOZZINI 1964, MCCOLLUM 1974, FISKESJO 1975, SCHUBERT et al 1983, PUIZINAand PAPE[ 1999. Chromosomes preserved their original C-banding pattern as in the parental species with the exception of A. cepa satellite chromosome that lost its satellite (Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Shallots in Croatia – genetics, morphology and nomenclature

Puizina¹

2013

Acta Botanica Croatica

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-The term 'shallot' in Croatia denotes three genetically and morphologically different, vegetatively reproduced relatives of the common onion, Allium cepa L., which are mainly traditionally cultivated for consumption and as a spice: A. cepa Aggregatum group, (2n = 2x = 16), A. × proliferum (Moench) Schrad. (2n = 2x = 16) and A. × cornutum Clementi ex Vis. (2n = 3x = 24). This paper reviews the results of studies of their morpho--anatomical characteristics and genetic structure. Although all three taxa were determined as varieties of the common onion, only the shallot A. cepa Aggregatum group (syn. A. ascalonicum L.) belongs to that species. The shallot A. × proliferum represents a hybrid between the two closely related species, A. cepa and A. fistulosum L. The third form of shallot, A. × cornutum is a still incompletely understood triploid hybrid between A. cepa and one or two closely related Allium species, whose identity has not been fully elucidated. In contrast to shallot A. cepa Aggregatum group, which has normal meiosis and produces fertile seed, hybrid shallots A. × proliferum and A. × cornutum are sterile, and reproduce exclusively vegetatively by underground bulbs or bulbils from the inflorescence.

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“…The chromosome complement of A. cepa usually has a single pair of satellited cluomosomes each with an active NOR at the secondary construction (26,55,16,42). But bulbs having karyotypes with three or four satellited chromosomes have sometimes been found (35,4,2,53,32,38,37).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Normally Allium cepa contains one pair of satellite chromosomes with one active NOR at the secondary construction (16,42). In the study carried out in the onion which has two pairs of satellited chromosomes (54.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytogenetical Polymorphism of the Nucleolus Organizer Region (Nor s) inAllium CepaL.

Georgiev

Topouzova

1998

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment

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The presence ofjive nucleoli and.five satellited chromosomes in the chromosome complement ofA/Iium cepa was recorded. By means ofGiemsa C-banding and silver staining, cytological polymorphism of the nucleolus organizer regions were observed in bulbs and seeds ofA. cepa with a single, two, three, four and jive satel/ited chromosomes. The presence of the satellites was limited to the subtelocentric regions (st) and to the shortest metacentric (me) chromosomes. A positive correlation was established bet.J 1 een the size of the satellites and the number and size of the nucleoli and silver bands intensity of metaphase chromosomes. Even though the satellites were high~v polymorphic in size and staining, all proved to be active for nucleolus formation as revealed by silver staining. It is concluded ji·om this observation that both chromosomal rearrangement (deletion) ofrRNA and rDNAamplijication may be involved in generating po~wnorphism of satellite chromosomes in A. cepa. The characteristics of the karyotype of this species, its heterochromatin distribution and possible mechanisms by which the po~ymorphisms of NORs may originate are discussed.

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Phylogenetic conclusions from Giemsa banding and NOR staining in top onions (Liliaceae)

Cited by 36 publications

References 11 publications

How do Alliaceae stabilize their chromosome ends in the absence of TTTAGGG sequences?

How do Alliaceae stabilize their chromosome ends in the absence of TTTAGGG sequences?

Shallots in Croatia – genetics, morphology and nomenclature

Cytogenetical Polymorphism of the Nucleolus Organizer Region (Nor s) inAllium CepaL.

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