Phylogenetic Relatedness Among Plasmids Harbored by Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli Isolated From Retail Meats

Marasini, Daya; Karki, Anand B.; Buchheim, Mark A.; Fakhr, Mohamed K.

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.02167

Cited by 23 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(105 reference statements)

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“…We previously demonstrated that Type 1 (pTet), Type 2 and Type 3 plasmids in Campylobacter spp. were primarily of C. jejuni/ coli origin 14 . However, further analyses with additional megaplasmid sequences is needed to conclusively show species-specific clustering since only seven megaplasmid sequences were used in the current study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Campylobacter spp. harbor plasmids that vary in size 14 ; however, few Campylobacter strains possess megaplasmids 13 , 22 , 23 . The megaplasmids characterized in this study, pCJDM202 and pCJDM67L, are similar to the pTet plasmids and encode conserved proteins for conjugation and the T4SS 10 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Plasmids in foodborne pathogens such as Campylobacter often encode antimicrobial resistance genes such as tetracycline resistance ( tetO ); furthermore, pVir plasmids in Campylobacter are frequently involved in virulence 10 , 11 . Many Campylobacter plasmid sequences have been deposited in GenBank 12 , 13 , and these plasmids have been categorized according to size and genomic composition 14 . The complete sequences for several C. jejuni megaplasmids are available but the potential role of these genes in virulence and survival is not clear 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular characterization of megaplasmids encoding the type VI secretion system in Campylobacter jejuni isolated from chicken livers and gizzards

Marasini

Karki

Bryant

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Megaplasmids in Campylobacter spp. likely play important roles in antibiotic resistance, virulence, and horizontal gene transfer. In this study, megaplasmids pCJDM202 (119 kb) and pCJDM67L (116 kb) from C. jejuni strains WP2-202 and OD2-67, respectively, were sequenced and characterized. These megaplasmids contained genes for tetracycline resistance [tet(O)], the Type IV secretion system, conjugative transfer and the Type VI secretion system (T6SS). The T6SS genes in Campylobacter plasmids encoded genes and proteins that were similar to those identified in Campylobacter chromosomal DNA. When the megaplasmid pCJDM202 from C. jejuni WP2-202 was transferred via conjugation to C. jejuni NCTC11168 Nal + , transconconjugants acquired tetracycline resistance and enhanced cytotoxicity towards red blood cells. A T6SS mutant of strain WP2-202 was generated and designated Δhcp3; the mutant was significantly impaired in its ability to lyse red blood cells and survive in defibrinated blood. The cytotoxicity of Campylobacter strains towards the human embryonic kidney cell line HEK 293 was not impacted by the T6SS. In summary, the T6SS encoded by Campylobacter megaplasmids mediates lysis of RBcs and likely contributes to survival on retail meats where blood cells are abundant. The high prevalence of Campylobacter spp. in retail chicken products is associated with campylobacteriosis outbreaks worldwide 1 and reflects the challenges in preventing Campylobacter contamination in retail meat production and storage 2,3. The consumption of undercooked liver dishes prepared from contaminated chicken liver products was responsible for the multistate outbreaks of campylobacteriosis in the USA 4-6. The antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes in Campylobacter have substantially increased the difficulty in controlling campylobacteriosis 7 , and the transmission of drug-resistant foodborne pathogens through livestock, food products and humans creates a huge public health burden 8. Various aspects of Campylobacter contamination, transmission, and pathogenicity remain unexplored 9. The genetic transfer of antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes between organisms in environmental niches is a common route of acquisition by foodborne pathogens 8. Plasmids in foodborne pathogens such as Campylobacter often encode antimicrobial resistance genes such as tetracycline resistance (tetO); furthermore, pVir plasmids in Campylobacter are frequently involved in virulence 10,11. Many Campylobacter plasmid sequences have been deposited in GenBank 12,13 , and these plasmids have been categorized according to size and genomic composition 14. The complete sequences for several C. jejuni megaplasmids are available but the potential role of these genes in virulence and survival is not clear 13. The Type VI secretion system (T6SS) has been identified in diverse species of Gram-negative bacteria and functions to kill competing bacteria via a bacteriophage-like invasion and injection mechanism 15,16. Various foodborne pathogens, including Salmonella spp., ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular characterization of megaplasmids encoding the type VI secretion system in Campylobacter jejuni isolated from chicken livers and gizzards

Marasini

Karki

Bryant

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…Analysis of the sequence revealed it to correspond to a not yet described class of tetracycline-resistant gene that presents a mosaic structure with the replacement of the 776-1127 bp internal fragment of tet(O) by the homologous sequence from tet(M) (Figure 2). This tet(O/M/O) mosaic gene might have evolved from a homologous recombination event between tet(O) and tet(M), encoding a ribosomal protection factor widely spread in Firmicutes from the Bacilli class, such as enterococci and streptococci [26,27,35,36], many of which share the mammalian gastrointestinal tract environment with Campylobacter, which, together with Megasphaera and Riemerella, are the only three Gram-negative genera in which tet mosaic genes have been reported [13]. Curiously, all these genera are common inhabitants of the gastrointestinal tract of both animals and humans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence of tet(O/M/O) Mosaic Gene in Tetracycline-Resistant Campylobacter

et al. 2020

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Campylobacter is one of the most important microorganisms responsible for foodborne diseases in the EU. In this study, we investigated resistance to tetracycline in 139 Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli samples isolated from human clinical cases. From these, 110 were resistant to tetracycline, with MIC (minimal inhibitory concentration) varying in a range of 1 to >512 μg/mL, and 109 (78.4%) carried tet(O), a gene that confers resistance to tetracycline through the expression of a protein that confers protection to the ribosome. Amongst the tetracycline-resistant isolates, one C. jejuni (HCC30) was the only tet(O)-negative sample, presenting an MIC of 256 μg/mL. Instead, the mosaic gene tet(O/M/O) was found in HCC30 and, as far as we know, this is the first description of this chimeric gene originating from homologous recombination between tet(O) and tet(M). The previously described mosaic gene tet(O/32/O), also found in Campylobacter, presents a chimeric structure very similar to that of tet(O/M/O), affecting domains II and III of encoded proteins distantly related to the elongation factor G (EF-G). The tet(O/M/O) mosaic gene has been found in nucleotide databases in several genomes of Campylobacter isolated from different origins, indicating its frequent acquisition, even though it can be undetected through screening by PCR with specific tet(O) primers. In this work, we address the improvement of classical PCR to efficiently diagnose the most prevalent tetracycline resistance determinants in Campylobacter, including tet(O/M/O), which should be taken into account in the optimization of campylobacteriosis treatments.

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“…Consistent with previous reports indicating the presence of tet(O) either on plasmid or chromosome (Pratt and Korolik, 2005;Dasti et al, 2007), we found that 30 and 9 of the analyzed genomes carry this resistance gene on plasmid and chromosome, respectively ( Table 1). It should be noted that Campylobacter plasmids are usually classified according to the genes they carry, those harboring the tet(O) gene have been called pTet plasmids (Marasini et al, 2018). From 87 plasmids annotated as an assembly unit separated from chromosome in the total of Campylobacter genomes tested, 30 were pTet and only one plasmid containing an AR gene other than tet(O) was found; the 31 plasmids harboring AR genes show sizes ranging from 29,115 to 180,543 bp ( Figure 2).…”

Section: Identification Of Genetic Determinants Associated With Ar Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Analysis Reveals the Genetic Determinants Associated With Antibiotic Resistance in the Zoonotic Pathogen Campylobacter spp. Distributed Globally

Rivera-Mendoza¹,

Martínez-Flores²,

Santamaría³

et al. 2020

Front. Microbiol.

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The genus Campylobacter groups 32 Gram-negative bacteria species, several being zoonotic pathogens and a major cause of human gastroenteritis worldwide. Antibiotic resistant Campylobacter is considered by the World Health Organization as a high priority pathogen for research and development of new antibiotics. Genetic elements related to antibiotic resistance in the classical C. coli and C. jejuni species, which infect humans and livestock, have been analyzed in numerous studies, mainly focused on local geographical areas. However, the presence of these resistance determinants in other Campylobacter species, as well as in C. jejuni and C. coli strains distributed globally, remains poorly studied. In this work, we analyzed the occurrence and distribution of antibiotic resistance factors in 237 Campylobacter closed genomes available in NCBI, obtained from isolates collected worldwide, in different dates, from distinct hosts and comprising 22 Campylobacter species. Our data revealed 18 distinct genetic determinants, genes or point mutations in housekeeping genes, associated with resistance to antibiotics from aminoglycosides, β-lactams, fluoroquinolones, lincosamides, macrolides, phenicols or tetracyclines classes, which are differentially distributed among the Campylobacter species tested, on chromosomes or plasmids. Three resistance determinants, the bla OXA−493 and bla OXA−576 genes, putatively related to β-lactams resistance, as well as the lnu(AN2) gene, putatively related to lincosamides resistance, had not been reported in Campylobacter; thus, they represent novel determinants for antibiotic resistance in Campylobacter spp., which expands the insight on the Campylobacter resistome. Interestingly, we found that some of the genetic determinants associated with antibiotic resistance are Campylobacter species-specific; e.g., the bla OXA−493 gene and the T86V mutation in gyrA were found only in the C. lari group, whereas genes associated with aminoglycosides resistance were found only in C. jejuni and C. coli. Additional analyses revealed how are distributed the

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Phylogenetic Relatedness Among Plasmids Harbored by Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli Isolated From Retail Meats

Cited by 23 publications

References 42 publications

Molecular characterization of megaplasmids encoding the type VI secretion system in Campylobacter jejuni isolated from chicken livers and gizzards

Molecular characterization of megaplasmids encoding the type VI secretion system in Campylobacter jejuni isolated from chicken livers and gizzards

Occurrence of tet(O/M/O) Mosaic Gene in Tetracycline-Resistant Campylobacter

Genomic Analysis Reveals the Genetic Determinants Associated With Antibiotic Resistance in the Zoonotic Pathogen Campylobacter spp. Distributed Globally

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