Phylogenetic relationships among Artemisia species based on nuclear ITS and chloroplast psbA-trnH DNA markers

Abstract

Abstract:The taxonomic and phylogenetic relationships within the genus Artemisia s.l. (Asteraceae) are controversial, and it has been considered 1 to 8 different genera. This work re-investigated the phylogenetic relationships in Artemisia using nuclear ribosomal (ITS ) and chloroplast psbA-trnH DNA sequences using three sections of Artemisia, Dracunculus, and Serphidium. Three phylogenetic trees were conducted separately on the basis of ITS, psbA-trnH and combined sequences using maximum parsimony. The results showed that the three sections were clearly separated from each other, and that the heterogamous Dracunculus and Artemisia are closely related to each other than either to homogamous Serphidium. This may suggest the taxonomic importance of capitulum morphology in Artemisia s.l. Our data also cast doubt on the use of cytogenetic similarity e.g., basic chromosome number in grouping Serphidium and Artemisia s.s. Furthermore, AMOVA analysis showed a higher level of ITS (55.29%) and combined ITS+cppsbA-trnH (55.63%) variations among sections. This provides further evidence for separation of these three sections and supports the phylogenetic results. The higher ITS nucleotide differences detected in Artemisia (30.4737) compared to very low value in Dracunculus (2.3333) and Serphidium (1.23077) may propose that the Artemisia comprises of several incipient sections. This supports the previous suggestion that Artemisia is a complex group.

Detecting useful genetic markers and reconstructing the phylogeny of an important medicinal resource plant, Artemisia selengensis, based on chloroplast genomics

“…In the past, because of the number of species, diverse morphological types, ploidy, and complicated genetic relationships of Artemisia , the taxonomic relationships of the genus are controversial and based only on morphological traits, such as the capitula type and floret fertility[19, 20]. As a result, considering the conserved structural and relatively compact gene density, chloroplast genomic materials are widely used in genomic evolution studies, molecular marker development, and phylogenetic analysis of the genus Artemisia .…”

Pollen morphology and its systematic implication on some species of <i>Artemisia</i> L. from Gilgit-Baltistan Pakistan

“…The taxonomy of this diverse genus is unresolved for many years. It has been years when taxonomists conducted investigations (Bremer and Humphries, 1993;Kornkven et al, 1998Kornkven et al, , 1999Torell et al, 1999;Watson et al, 2002;D'Andrea et al, 2003;Vallès et al, 2008;Sanz et al, 2008;Pellicer et al, 2010;Garcia et al, 2011;Riggins and Seigler, 2012;Haghighi et al, 2014;Malik et al, 2017;Hussain et al, 2019b) on this single large genus with 500 species (Torrell et al, 1999;Martin et al, 2003) and recognized its six subgenera namely Dracunculus Besser, Artemisia Tourn., Absinthium (Mill.) Less., Tridentatae (Rydberg) McArthur, Seriphidium (Besser) Poljakov and Pacifica Hobbs.…”

Phylogeny and biogeography of Artemisia subgenus Seriphidium (Asteraceae: Anthemideae)

“…Concerning the generic or subgeneric status of Seriphidium, molecular work (Torrell & al., 1999;Watson & al., 2002;Watson, 2005;Tkach & al., 2008a, b;Sanz & al., 2008Shultz, 2009;Garcia & al., 2011;Riggins & Seigler, 2012) unequivocally showed the inclusion of Seriphidium within Artemisia. Two comprehensive studies, seminal for Asteraceae (Kadereit & Jeffrey, 2007;Funk & al., 2009), have accredited Seriphidium as a subgenus within Artemisia, even though some authors (Dobignard & Chatelain, 2011;Haghighi & al., 2014) still persist in considering Seriphidium an independent genus, a solution not supported by the current knowledge.…”