Phylogenetic relationships in<i>Dermocybe</i>and related<i>Cortinarius</i>taxa based on nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers

Liu, Y. J.; Rogers, Scott O.; Ammirati, Joe

doi:10.1139/b97-058

Cited by 69 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…1). Within the Cortinariaceae clade, up to 30% base pair variation within the ITS regions and 5.8S gene sequences is possible (22), likely affecting the taxonomic placement of the Cortinarius-like OTU 4 in this study. In addition, the taxonomic positions of six basidiomycete OTUs remained unresolved, as ITS sequence data from closely related species were not available in the database.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Molecular Identification of Ectomycorrhizal Mycelium in Soil Horizons

Landeweert

Leeflang

Kuyper

et al. 2003

Appl Environ Microbiol

211

134

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Molecular identification techniques based on total DNA extraction provide a unique tool for identification of mycelium in soil. Using molecular identification techniques, the ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungal community under coniferous vegetation was analyzed. Soil samples were taken at different depths from four horizons of a podzol profile. A basidiomycete-specific primer pair (ITS1F-ITS4B) was used to amplify fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences from total DNA extracts of the soil horizons. Amplified basidiomycete DNA was cloned and sequenced, and a selection of the obtained clones was analyzed phylogenetically. Based on sequence similarity, the fungal clone sequences were sorted into 25 different fungal groups, or operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Out of 25 basidiomycete OTUs, 7 OTUs showed high nucleotide homology (>99%) with known EM fungal sequences and 16 were found exclusively in the mineral soil. The taxonomic positions of six OTUs remained unclear. OTU sequences were compared to sequences from morphotyped EM root tips collected from the same sites. Of the 25 OTUs, 10 OTUs had >98% sequence similarity with these EM root tip sequences. The present study demonstrates the use of molecular techniques to identify EM hyphae in various soil types. This approach differs from the conventional method of EM root tip identification and provides a novel approach to examine EM fungal communities in soil.Ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi are major components of the soil fungal community in most boreal and temperate forests and several (sub)tropical forests. The EM fungi efficiently take up water and organic as well as inorganic nutrients from the soil and translocate these to colonized tree roots, receiving host carbohydrates in return. The extraradical mycelium is the part of the EM association actively involved in uptake of nutrients and water. Species-specific variations in EM extraradical mycelial structure and activity enable single EM fungal species to exploit specific resources (30). The concept of ecological specialization among EM fungi is now generally accepted (14) and underlines the proposed importance of EM fungal species diversity in soil ecosystems (2,7,21). To gain more insights into the functional roles of different EM fungal species and understand their functional diversity, it is essential to obtain information about ecologically relevant features of the symbiosis, in particular the spatial distribution of EM extraradical mycelium.Until the advent of molecular techniques, it had been impossible to acquire data on the mycelial distribution of individual fungal species in soil. Most EM diversity studies are currently based on EM root tip inventories. Morphotype techniques combined with molecular techniques enable identification of EM fungi on root tips extracted from soil and provide information on EM fungal species diversity on a fraction of the tree root system. When using molecular techniques for identification of fungal material on roots, the distribution of extraradical mycelium in the bulk s...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Molecular Identification of Ectomycorrhizal Mycelium in Soil Horizons

Landeweert

Leeflang

Kuyper

et al. 2003

Appl Environ Microbiol

211

134

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“…str., (Høiland 1984), including the type, C. cinnamomeus (L.) Fr. (Singer 1986), is well supported (Liu et al 1995(Liu et al , 1997Chambers et al 1999;Høiland & Holst-Jensen 2000;Peintner et al 2004;Garnica et al 2005;Harrower et al 2011). Common for all species are pigments of octaketide origin (Høiland 1984, Gill & Steglich 1987.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

Phylogenetic relationships in Cortinarius with focus on North European species

Stensrud¹,

Reier-Røberg²,

Schumacher³

et al. 2014

Karstenia

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IntroductionCortinarius (Pers.) Gray is a genus of Agaricales (Basidiomycota) characterised by a fugacious veil enveloping the basidiocarp, and a cortina at first covering the lamellae, but later vanishing in expanding basidiocarps. The basidiocarp size, shape, and colour vary considerably among species. The lamellae are emarginate to adnate, variously coloured, soon becoming brownish from mature, brown-pigmented basidiospores. The basidiospores are usually verrucose, highly variable Cortinarius is an ectomycorrhizal Agaricales genus with high diversity of which rDNA sequences of 86 species together with four outgroup taxa were investigated phylogenetically by aid of Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian analyses. The Cortinarius data set represents 81 taxa from the Northern Hemisphere showing the main variation spectrum among the species. In addition, five species from the Southern Hemisphere are included. The phylogenetic tree of Cortinarius gives statistical support to twelve monophyletic groups in the upper level. They are discussed in context of morphology, chemistry (secondary compounds), and ecology. The phylogenetic tree lacks, however, satisfactory support for its backbone. Several species could not be included in any group, especially those forming the basal framework of the tree. Of special interest is a "superclade" comprising eight of our monophyletic clades and two singletons. Here we find the majority of species with soluble pigments of octaketide origin, all species with compounds of nonaketide origin, the majority of species with hygrophaneous pileus, few species with viscid pileus, and no species with bulbous stipe base. Moreover, all species except one have duplex pileus cuticle. The morphological traits are not indicative for any clade, although some are more frequent in some clades than others. During the evolution they have been gained and lost several times. The chemical characteristics are -to a certain degree -more indicative for the clades. The evolution and ecological role of these compounds are discussed. Concerning the North European species, there are ecological differences between the clades, especially between clades specializing to rich or calcareous forests and clades specializing to poor forests or arctic-alpine environments.

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“…The structures of the isolated compounds 2-5 were determined based on their spectroscopic data ( 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR, ESI-FTICR-MS, UV/Vis) and comparison with published data as dermolutein (2) (13.6 mg) [24,25], endocrocin (3) (8.1 mg) [24,25,26], skyrin (4) (4.3 mg) [27] and the recently described dimeric pre- 1 The taxonomic rank of Dermocybe is still object of discussion. Some mycologist regard Dermocybe as a separate genus [1,2], others insert Dermocybe as a subgenus in genus Cortinarius [3,4]. In accordance with chemical literature [5,6] we treat here Dermocybe as a genus.…”

Section: 7'-emodinphyscionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Pigment pattern of the Chilean mushroom Dermocybe nahuelbutensis Garrido & E. Horak

Greff¹,

Porzel²,

Schmidt³

et al. 2017

Rec.Nat.Prod.

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Fruiting bodies of the Chilean mushroom Dermocybe nahuelbutenis Garrido & E. Horak (syn.: Cortinarius nahuelbutensis (Garrido & E. Horak) E. Valenz. & G. Moreno) were chemically investigated for the first time and afforded the new dimeric anthraqinone 7,7'-emodinphyscion (1) beside the know anthraquinones dermolutein (2), endocrocin (3), skyrin (4) and the dimeric pre-anthraquinone derivative flavomannin C (5). The chemotaxonomic significance of the pigments is discussed.

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Phylogenetic relationships inDermocybeand relatedCortinariustaxa based on nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers

Cited by 69 publications

References 10 publications

Molecular Identification of Ectomycorrhizal Mycelium in Soil Horizons

Molecular Identification of Ectomycorrhizal Mycelium in Soil Horizons

Phylogenetic relationships in Cortinarius with focus on North European species

Pigment pattern of the Chilean mushroom Dermocybe nahuelbutensis Garrido & E. Horak

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