Phylogenetic relationships of the genus  Frenkelia : a review of its history and new knowledge gained from comparison of large subunit ribosomal ribonucleic acid gene sequences 1Note: Nucleotide sequence data reported in this paper are available in the EMBL, GenBank™, and DDJB databases under the accession numbers U85705-6, AF012883, AF092927, and AF044250-2. 1

Mugridge, Nancy B; Morrison, David A.; Johnson, Alan M.; Luton, Kim; Dubey, J. P.; Votýpka, Jan; Tenter, Astrid M.

doi:10.1016/s0020-7519(99)00062-4

Cited by 69 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…glareoli is obligatory heteroxenous with buzzards as definitive hosts (Mugridge et al, 1999), while small rodents serve as intermediate hosts. In these, the cysts are exclusively located in cerebral tissues (Geisel et al, 1978, 1979; Mugridge et al, 1999). Of potential intermediate hosts, M. glareolus is the most important one.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasites in brains of wild rodents (Arvicolinae and Murinae) in the city of Leipzig, Germany

Waindok

Özbakış-Beceriklisoy

Janecek-Erfurth

et al. 2019

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife

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Small rodents serve as intermediate or paratenic hosts for a variety of parasites and may participate in the transmission of these parasites into synanthropic cycles. Parasites with neuroinvasive stages, such as Toxoplasma gondii or Toxocara canis, can cause detrimental damage in the brain of intermediate or paratenic hosts. Therefore, the occurrence of neuroinvasive parasite stages was evaluated in brains of wild rodents captured in the city of Leipzig, Germany. In addition, a few specimens from the cities of Hanover, Germany, and Vienna, Austria were included, resulting in a total of 716 rodents collected between 2011 and 2016. Brains were investigated for parasitic stages by microscopic examination of native tissue, artificially digested tissue as well as Giemsa-stained digestion solution to verify positive results. Infective stages of zoonotic ascarids or other helminths were not detected in any sample, while coccidian cysts were found in 10.1% (95% CI: 7.9–12.5%; 72/716) of examined brains. The most abundant rodent species in the study was the bank vole (Myodes glareolus; Arvicolinae), showing an infection rate with cerebral cysts of 13.9% (95% CI: 11.0–17.8%; 62/445), while 2.7% (95% CI: 1.0–5.8%; 6/222) of yellow-necked mice (Apodemus flavicollis; Murinae) were infected. Generalized linear modelling revealed a statistically significant difference in prevalence between M. glareolus and A. flavicollis, significant local differences as well as an effect of increasing body mass on cyst prevalence. Coccidian cysts were differentiated by amplification of the 18S rRNA gene and subsequent sequencing. The majority of identifiable cysts (97.9%) were determined as Frenkelia glareoli, a coccidian species mainly circulating between M. glareolus as intermediate and buzzards (Buteo spp.) as definitive hosts. The zoonotic pathogen Toxoplasma gondii was confirmed in one M. glareolus originating from the city of Leipzig. Overall, it can be concluded that neuroinvasion of zoonotic parasites seems to be rare in M. glareolus and A. flavicollis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasites in brains of wild rodents (Arvicolinae and Murinae) in the city of Leipzig, Germany

Waindok

Özbakış-Beceriklisoy

Janecek-Erfurth

et al. 2019

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife

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“…Although taxonomic controversies still exist, this family has been divided into three subfamilies: Sarcocystinae, represented by the genera Frenkelia and Sarcocystis; Cystoisosporinae, containing the genus Cystoisospora; and Toxoplasmatinae, a subfamily with a few species grouped in the genera Besnoitia, Hammondia, Neospora and Toxoplasma [2][3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Characterization of New Haplotype of Genus Sarcocystis in Seabirds from Magdalena Island, Southern Chile

Acosta

Gennari

Llano

et al. 2021

Animals

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Evidence of sarcocystid infection was investigated in samples of 16 penguins (Spheniscus. magellanicus), four Dominican gulls (Larus dominicanus) and two Chilean skuas (Stercorarius chilensis) found in Madalenas Islands, Chile, in 2017. Samples of skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle and brain from all birds were screened by a pan-sarcocystid nested-PCR targeting a short fragment of the gene encoding the small ribosomal unit (nPCR-18Sa). The only two positive samples by nPCR-18Sa, both from skuas, were tested by a nested-PCR directed to the internal transcribed spacer 1 (nPCR-ITS1), also a pan-sarcocystidae nested-PCR, and to a nested-PCR directed to the B1 gene (nPCR-B1), for the exclusive detection of Toxoplasma gondii. The two nPCR-18Sa-positive samples were nPCR-ITS1-positive and nPCR-B1-negative. The nPCR-ITS1 nucleotide sequences from the two skuas, which were identical to each other, were revealed closely related to homologous sequences of Sarcocystis halieti, species found in seabirds of northern hemisphere. Larger fragments of genes encoding 18S and partial sequences of genes coding for cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 were also analyzed, corroborating ITS1 data. The haplotypes found in the skuas are unprecedent and closely related to species that use birds as the definitive host. Further studies need to be carried out to detect, identify and isolate this parasite to understand the epidemiology of the infection and its impact on the health of marine fauna.

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“…(synonymous Frenkelia spp.) [ 51 ] (2/23) ( Figure 3 B) in the brain, or both protozoa were detected in the same animal (13/23) ( Table 4 ). Hepatozoon spp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Tropism of Puumala orthohantavirus and Endoparasite Coinfection in the Bank Vole Reservoir

Schlohsarczyk

Drewes

Koteja

et al. 2023

Viruses

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In Europe, most cases of human hantavirus disease are caused by Puumala orthohantavirus (PUUV) transmitted by bank voles (Clethrionomys glareolus, syn. Myodes glareolus), in which PUUV causes inconspicuous infection. Little is known about tropism and endoparasite coinfections in PUUV-infected reservoir and spillover-infected rodents. Here, we characterized PUUV tropism, pathological changes and endoparasite coinfections. The voles and some non-reservoir rodents were examined histologically, immunohistochemically, by in situ hybridization, indirect IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. PUUV RNA and anti-PUUV antibodies were detected simultaneously in a large proportion of the bank voles, indicating persistent infection. Although PUUV RNA was not detected in non-reservoir rodents, the detection of PUUV-reactive antibodies suggests virus contact. No specific gross and histological findings were detected in the infected bank voles. A broad organ tropism of PUUV was observed: kidney and stomach were most frequently infected. Remarkably, PUUV was detected in cells lacking the typical secretory capacity, which may contribute to the maintenance of virus persistence. PUUV-infected wild bank voles were found to be frequently coinfected with Hepatozoon spp. and Sarcocystis (Frenkelia) spp., possibly causing immune modulation that may influence susceptibility to PUUV infection or vice versa. The results are a prerequisite for a deeper understanding of virus–host interactions in natural hantavirus reservoirs.

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Cited by 69 publications

References 51 publications

Parasites in brains of wild rodents (Arvicolinae and Murinae) in the city of Leipzig, Germany

Parasites in brains of wild rodents (Arvicolinae and Murinae) in the city of Leipzig, Germany

Molecular Characterization of New Haplotype of Genus Sarcocystis in Seabirds from Magdalena Island, Southern Chile

Tropism of Puumala orthohantavirus and Endoparasite Coinfection in the Bank Vole Reservoir

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