Phylogenetic structure in the Sphagnum recurvum complex (Bryophyta) in relation to taxonomy and geography

Abstract

Plants that reproduce with spores rather than seeds, including the bryophytes, lycophytes, and monilophytes, are generally thought to have broad ranges that often span multiple continents (Schofield and Crum, 1972). It has been estimated that ~70% of the mosses found in Europe also occur in North America (Frahm and Vitt, 1993). Indeed, a perusal of the bryophyte volumes in the Flora of North America indicate that as presently understood, most temperate and boreal bryophyte species are recorded from multiple continents. Moreover, a substantial number of Neotropical bryophytes are also reported from Africa and/or other tropical continental areas (Gradstein et al., 1983). Consistent with the general pattern of bryophytes having broad, often intercontinental ranges is that many south-temperate bryophyte species are thought to occur disjunctively between Australia/New Zealand and South America, with low rates of endemism in any one area (such as New Zealand) (Muñoz et al., 2004). By contrast, most seed-plant species are restricted to a single continent; Qian (1999) estimated that only ~6% of vascular plants are shared between North America and Europe. Notwithstanding issues such as how to define what constitutes a species, heterogeneity among plant groups in genetic/phylogenetic structure, and differences in the approaches of different taxonomists, the general pattern that spore plants have broader ranges than seed plants has been uncontroversial (but see Vigalondo et al., 2019).

Phylogenomic structure and speciation in an emerging model: the Sphagnum magellanicum complex (Bryophyta)

“…(2012) with the modifications described in Duffy et al . (2020). Each library was cleaned and size‐selected for fragments of c .…”

Demographic history and gene flow in the peatmosses Sphagnum recurvum and Sphagnum flexuosum (Bryophyta: Sphagnaceae)

“…Restriction‐site‐associated DNA sequencing (RAD‐seq) raw reads from Duffy et al ( 2020 ) were used in this study. For DNA‐extraction, library preparation, sequencing protocols, and data availability, see Duffy et al ( 2020 ).…”

“…Restriction‐site‐associated DNA sequencing (RAD‐seq) raw reads from Duffy et al ( 2020 ) were used in this study. For DNA‐extraction, library preparation, sequencing protocols, and data availability, see Duffy et al ( 2020 ). A total of 60 samples were divided into three groups for the present study: S. recurvum (16 samples), S. flexuosum from eastern North America (28 samples, hereafter “ENA S. flexuosum ”), and S. flexuosum from Europe (16 samples, hereafter “EUR S. flexuosum ”).…”

“…These species are members of the so‐called S. recurvum complex (Flatberg, 1992 ), which is part of the subgenus Cuspidata . Phylogenetic analyses (Duffy et al, 2020 ) have shown that S. flexuosum and S. recurvum are closely related. Sphagnum recurvum is restricted to eastern North America, with the exception of a single disjunct population in the Azores, while S. flexuosum occurs in both eastern North America and western Europe.…”

“…Sphagnum recurvum is restricted to eastern North America, with the exception of a single disjunct population in the Azores, while S. flexuosum occurs in both eastern North America and western Europe. Analyses of genetic structure have shown that European S. flexuosum are nested within a clade of eastern North American plants, suggesting that European plants were derived from eastern North America (Duffy et al, 2020 ).…”