Phylogenetic structure of serotype A foot-and-mouth disease virus: global diversity and the Indian perspective

Mohapatra, Jajati K.; Subramaniam, Saravanan; Pandey, Laxmi; Pawar, Sachin S.; De, Ankan; Das, Biswajit; Sanyal, Aniket; Pattnaik, Bramhadev

doi:10.1099/vir.0.028555-0

Cited by 43 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In India, a unique genetic lineage (VP3 59 -deletion group) of serotype A has been reported in which residue 59 in the VP3 protein is deleted (Mohapatra et al, 2011). Incidentally, the 59th residue in the VP3 b-B knob is a constituent of the wall of the putative 'HS-binding pocket' (Fry et al, 2005).…”

Section: Selection and In Vitro Characterization Of Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell culture adaptation mutations in foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype A capsid proteins: implications for receptor interactions

Mohapatra

Pandey

Devendra

et al. 2015

Journal of General Virology

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In this study we describe the adaptive changes fixed on the capsid of several foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype A strains during propagation in cell monolayers. Viruses passaged extensively in three cell lines (BHK-21, LFBK and IB-RS-2) consistently gained positively charged amino acids in the putative heparin-sulfate-binding pocket (VP2 bE-bF loop, VP1 C-terminus and VP3 b-B knob) surrounding the fivefold symmetry axis (VP1 bF-bG loop) and at other discrete sites on the capsid (VP3 bG-bH loop, VP1 C-terminus, VP2 bC strand and VP1 bG-bH loop). A lysine insertion in the VP1 bF-bG loop of two of the BHK-21-adapted viruses supports the biological advantage of positively charged residues acquired in cell culture. The charge transitions occurred irrespective of cell line, suggesting their possible role in ionic interaction with ubiquitous negatively charged cell-surface molecules such as glycosaminoglycans (GAG). This was supported by the ability of the cell-culture-adapted variants to replicate in the integrin-deficient, GAG-positive CHO-K1 cells and their superior fitness in competition assays compared with the lower passage viruses with WT genotypes. Substitutions fixed in the VP1 bG-bH loop ("3, "2 and +2 'RGD' positions) or in the structural element known to be juxtaposed against that loop (VP1 bB-bC loop) suggest their possible role in modulating the efficiency and specificity of interaction of the 'RGD' motif with a v -integrin receptors. The nature and location of the substitutions described in this study could be applied in the rapid cell culture adaptation of viral strains for vaccine production.

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Section: Selection and In Vitro Characterization Of Virusesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell culture adaptation mutations in foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype A capsid proteins: implications for receptor interactions

Mohapatra

Pandey

Devendra

et al. 2015

Journal of General Virology

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“…For this a profiling ELISA was developed using a panel of recombinant NSPs 2C, 3D, 3AB and 3ABC as an integrated NSP-serology system which has the potential to be employed as an easy-to-perform foolproof confirmatory assay. Besides, it can be also noted that the calves administered with either of the two commercial vaccines available in India every six months as practiced in the field, did not reveal any detectable 3AB-Ab response even up to the fifth booster [42,43].…”

Section: Fmd Status In Indiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is also the most antigenically diverse Eurasian serotype with large number of variants in Asia, Africa and South America [4,69]. Recently, global diversity of FMDV serotype A has been elucidated [42,43]. The serotype Asia1 virus was never found outside of Asia except for a brief occurrence in Greece in 2000 [34].…”

Section: Global Status Of Fmd and Control Measures/strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foot-and-mouth Disease: Global Status and Future Road Map for Control and Prevention in India

et al. 2012

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Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a transboundary, economically devastating and highly contagious viral disease of livestock, most importantly cattle, buffalo and pig. The disease also affects goats, sheep, wild ruminant species and elephants. The causative FMD virus is antigenically diverse having seven distinct serotypes and many variants within them. Being a single stranded RNA virus, it confirms the quasispecies nature with emergences and reemergences of different genetic lineages with altered antigenicity within the serotypes, making vaccination based control programme a high cost effective, time consuming and difficult to achieve. As per the OIE and FAO, the disease is a major threat to food security of the world, and particularly the countries having the disease are more prone to food insecurity. Further, FMD free status is an indicator of development, and all developed countries are free from it. The disease is endemic in India and three serotypes of the virus viz; O, A and Asia1 are circulating. Annual direct loss due to FMD in India has been estimated at Rs. 20,000 crores. Many countries in the world are now free from FMD with or without vaccination and presence of the disease in other neighboring countries is a major threat to them. Countries having FMD face trade barrier posed by FMD free countries, causing heavy economic loss to the livestock industry. Progressive control pathway has been developed by FAO for global eradication of FMD. Vaccination based FMD control programme is in operation in India which involves biannual vaccinations of all cattle and buffaloes in selected areas, regular active surveillance and antibody monitoring in vaccinated population with the objective of creating FMD free zones. At present, the disease occurrence, severity of the clinical disease and number of outbreaks have progressively and substantially declined in the control zones as a result of last 10 rounds of vaccination with an oil adjuvanted trivalent inactivated vaccine. In this review, FMD scenario in India and in the world is briefed. Besides, the measures taken for the control and eradication of this devastating disease is presented. Besides, the initial success achieved through the FMD control programme in India, a road map for the control and eradication of FMD at national level is discussed.

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“…Three distinct topotypes of this serotype have been identified globally, which are named Africa, Asia and Europe-South America (Euro-SA) and are distinguished by >15% nucleotide divergence within the VP1 coding region sequences (Tosh et al, 2002a). These topotypes are subdivided into about 26 genotypes (Mohapatra et al, 2011), of which eight have been described within Africa (Knowles and Samuel, 2003;Mittal et al, 2005). Four of these African genotypes (G-I, G-III, G-VII and G-VIII) have been present in Kenya (WRLFMD, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity of serotype A foot-and-mouth disease viruses in Kenya from 1964 to 2013; implications for control strategies in eastern Africa

Wekesa

Sangula²,

Belsham

et al. 2014

Infection, Genetics and Evolution

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Serotype A is the most genetically and antigenically diverse of the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) serotypes. Records of its occurrence in Kenya date back to 1952 and the antigenic diversity of the outbreak viruses in this region is reflected by the current use of two different vaccine strains (K5/1980 and K35/1980) and previous use of two other strains (K18/66 and K179/71). This study aimed at enhancing the understanding of the patterns of genetic variation of serotype A FMDV in Kenya. The complete VP1 coding region sequences of 38 field isolates, identified as serotype A FMDV, collected between 1964 and 2013 were determined. Coalescent-based methods were used to infer times of divergence of the virus strains and the evolutionary rates alongside 27 other serotype A FMDV sequences from Genbank and the World Reference Laboratory (WRL). This study represents the first comprehensive genetic analysis of serotype A FMDVs from Kenya. The study detected four previously defined genotypes/clusters (termed G-I, G-III, G-VII and G-VIII), within the Africa topotype, together with a fifth lineage that has apparently emerged from within G-I; these different lineages have each had a countrywide distribution. Genotypes G-III and G-VIII that were first isolated in 1964 are now apparently extinct; G-VII was last recorded in 2005, while G-I (including the new lineage) is currently in widespread circulation. High genetic diversity, widespread distribution and transboundary spread of serotype A FMDVs across the region of eastern Africa was apparent. Continuous surveillance for the virus, coupled to genetic and antigenic characterization is recommended for improved regional control strategies.Danish International Development Agency (DANIDA); Livestock-Wildlife Diseases in East Africa Project (LWDEA); Trans-boundary Animal Diseases in East Africa (TADEA) project: (DFC no. 10-006KU)

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Phylogenetic structure of serotype A foot-and-mouth disease virus: global diversity and the Indian perspective

Cited by 43 publications

References 22 publications

Cell culture adaptation mutations in foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype A capsid proteins: implications for receptor interactions

Cell culture adaptation mutations in foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype A capsid proteins: implications for receptor interactions

Foot-and-mouth Disease: Global Status and Future Road Map for Control and Prevention in India

Genetic diversity of serotype A foot-and-mouth disease viruses in Kenya from 1964 to 2013; implications for control strategies in eastern Africa

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