Phylogeny of Dengue and Chikungunya viruses in Al Hudayda governorate, Yemen

Ciccozzi, Massimo; Presti, Alessandra Lo; Cella, Eleonora; Giovanetti, Marta; Lai, Alessia; El-Sawaf, Gamal; Faggioni, Giovanni; Vescio, Maria Fenicia; Ameri, Ranya Al; Santis, Riccardo De; Helaly, Ghada F.; Pomponi, Alice; Metwally, Dalia; Fantini, Massimo; Qadi, Hussein; Zehender, Gianguglielmo; Lista, Florigio; Rezza, Giovanni

doi:10.1016/j.meegid.2014.08.010

Cited by 22 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Inter-regional migration poses risk for imported DENV, as millions of migrants travel from DENV-endemic countries to the Arabian Peninsula [111, 126, 146–149] and to Mecca, Saudi Arabia to attend Umra and Hajj [126]. Intra-regionally, heavy commerce in the Red Sea region likely drives DENV serotype mixing and spread [116, 148], as evidenced by multiple DENV outbreaks occurring at port cities in Djibouti [37, 45], Saudi Arabia [126], Sudan [39], and Yemen [116, 148]. Contiguous spread of DENV from Yemen to Oman [150], or from Pakistan to Iran or Afghanistan [14], may also pose risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dengue in the Middle East and North Africa: A Systematic Review

et al. 2016

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BackgroundDengue virus (DENV) infection is widespread and its disease burden has increased in past decades. However, little is known about the epidemiology of dengue in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA).Methodology / Principal FindingsFollowing Cochrane Collaboration guidelines and reporting our findings following PRISMA guidelines, we systematically reviewed available records across MENA describing dengue occurrence in humans (prevalence studies, incidence studies, and outbreak reports), occurrence of suitable vectors (Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus), and DENV vector infection rates. We identified 105 human prevalence measures in 13 of 24 MENA countries; 81 outbreaks reported from 9 countries from 1941–2015; and reports of Ae. aegypti and/or Ae. albopictus occurrence in 15 countries. The majority of seroprevalence studies were reported from the Red Sea region and Pakistan, with multiple studies indicating >20% DENV seroprevalence in general populations (median 25%, range 0–62%) in these subregions. Fifty percent of these studies were conducted prior to 1990. Multiple studies utilized assays susceptible to serologic cross-reactions and 5% of seroprevalence studies utilized viral neutralization testing. There was considerable heterogeneity in study design and outbreak reporting, as well as variability in subregional study coverage, study populations, and laboratory methods used for diagnosis.Conclusions / SignificanceDENV seroprevalence in the MENA is high among some populations in the Red Sea region and Pakistan, while recent outbreaks in these subregions suggest increasing incidence of DENV which may be driven by a variety of ecologic and social factors. However, there is insufficient study coverage to draw conclusions about Aedes or DENV presence in multiple MENA countries. These findings illustrate the epidemiology of DENV in the MENA while revealing priorities for DENV surveillance and Aedes control.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dengue in the Middle East and North Africa: A Systematic Review

et al. 2016

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“…The phylogenetic signal generated by the dataset was investigated by the likelihood mapping analysis of 10,000 random quartets generated using TreePuzzle, as already described [7]. The sequences of the dataset were aligned using Clustal X and manually edited by Bioedit, as previously described [8]. The evolutionary model was chosen for the dataset as the best-fitting nucleotide substitution model in accordance with the results of the HLRT (hierarchical likelihood ratio test) implemented in Modeltest software version 3.7 [9].…”

confidence: 99%

Cytomegalovirus Glycoprotein B Genotype Distribution in Italian Transplant Patients

Sagnelli

Cella²,

Rittá

et al. 2017

Intervirology

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Background: The cytomegalovirus (CMV) UL55 gene encodes for a glycoprotein implicated in virus pathogenesis. Based on UL55 polymorphism, CMV has been divided into 4 genotypes. Previous studies investigated the possible role of genotypes in the clinical outcome of infection in different categories of patients; however, few data are available, particularly in the transplant setting and Italian case records. Methods: Phylogenetic analysis through a maximum likelihood tree was used to evaluate the prevalence and distribution of CMV genotypes in whole blood specimens from 47 transplant patients and investigate the relation with demographic and clinical features. Results: Overall, 40.4% of patients were classified as single genotype (12.8% gB1, 23.4% gB2, 4.2% gB3); mixed genotypes were detected in 59.6%. Genotype 4 was detected only in mixed cases. In comparison to single genotypes, mixed genotypes were more frequently associated with a higher duration of DNA viremia and higher peak viral load. Conclusions: Mixed infections seem to be prevalent in Italian transplant patients; it is likely that mixed infections are more difficult to control by immunological response in comparison to single genotype infections. In this context, the genetic profile of infecting viruses and relation to clinical outcome should be investigated, also taking into account the CMV-specific cellular immune response.

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“…The predominant serotype was DENV2 [10, 32]. Dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever are frequent public health problems in both countries and the most frequently isolated serotypes in the region are DENV1–3 [9, 26].…”

Section: Hemorrhagic Fever Viruses Circulating In Tihamahmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the most affected region (Tihamah) lies on the Red Sea coast with movement of refugees from and to the African horn [10]. …”

Section: Diagnosis and Disease Control Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After the mid-1990s, the reported outbreaks in the Arabian Peninsula raised the possibility of widespread emergence of VHFs in the region[9]. Most recorded outbreaks were in the Tihamah region—the Red Sea coastal plain of the Arabian Peninsula in the west and southwest of Saudi Arabia and Yemen, and the frequency of such outbreaks has risen enormously in the last two decades [10, 11]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Viral hemorrhagic fevers in the Tihamah region of the western Arabian Peninsula

et al. 2017

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Viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF) refers to a group of diseases characterized by an acute febrile syndrome with hemorrhagic manifestations and high mortality rates caused by several families of viruses that affect humans and animals.These diseases are typically endemic in certain geographical regions and sometimes cause major outbreaks. The history of hemorrhagic fever in the Arabian Peninsula refers to the 19th century and most outbreaks were reported in the Tihamah region—the Red Sea coastal plain of the Arabian Peninsula in the west and southwest of Saudi Arabia and Yemen.Herein, we describe the agents that cause VHFs and their epidemiology in Tihamah, the history of the diseases, transmission, species affected, and clinical signs. Finally, we address challenges in the diagnosis and control of VHFs in this region.

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Phylogeny of Dengue and Chikungunya viruses in Al Hudayda governorate, Yemen

Cited by 22 publications

References 14 publications

Dengue in the Middle East and North Africa: A Systematic Review

Dengue in the Middle East and North Africa: A Systematic Review

Cytomegalovirus Glycoprotein B Genotype Distribution in Italian Transplant Patients

Viral hemorrhagic fevers in the Tihamah region of the western Arabian Peninsula

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