Phylotypes related to Ruminococcus bromii are abundant in the large bowel of humans and increase in response to a diet high in resistant starch

Abell, Guy C. J.; Cooke, Caroline M.; Bennett, Corinna N.; Conlon, Michael A.; McOrist, Alexandra L.

doi:10.1111/j.1574-6941.2008.00527.x

Cited by 180 publications

(142 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…), resistant starch (stimulates bifidobacteria, Bacteroides spp., Ruminococcus bromii, E. rectale and Roseburia spp. ), β-glucan (stimulates bifidobacteria) and fructan (stimulates bifidobacteria, Bacteroides spp., lactobacilli and butyrate-producers) are well recognised (144,(154)(155)(156)(157)(158)(159)(160)(161) . In addition, arabinoxylan-oligosaccharides, which are enzymatic hydrolysis products of arabinoxylan, have been shown to stimulate the growth of bifidobacteria in some studies (156) .…”

Section: Fermentable Dietary Carbohydratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human gut microbiota: does diet matter?

2014

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The human oro-gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a complex system, consisting of oral cavity, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus, which all together with the accessory digestive organs constitute the digestive system. The function of the digestive system is to break down dietary constituents into small molecules and then absorb these for subsequent distribution throughout the body. Besides digestion and carbohydrate metabolism, the indigenous microbiota has an important influence on host physiological, nutritional and immunological processes, and commensal bacteria are able to modulate the expression of host genes that regulate diverse and fundamental physiological functions. The main external factors that can affect the composition of the microbial community in generally healthy adults include major dietary changes and antibiotic therapy. Changes in some selected bacterial groups have been observed due to controlled changes to the normal diet e.g. high-protein diet, high-fat diet, prebiotics, probiotics and polyphenols. More specifically, changes in the type and quantity of non-digestible carbohydrates in the human diet influence both the metabolic products formed in the lower regions of the GI tract and the bacterial populations detected in faeces. The interactions between dietary factors, gut microbiota and host metabolism are increasingly demonstrated to be important for maintaining homeostasis and health. Therefore the aim of this review is to summarise the effect of diet, and especially dietary interventions, on the human gut microbiota. Furthermore, the most important confounding factors (methodologies used and intrinsic human factors) in relation to gut microbiota analyses are elucidated.

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Section: Fermentable Dietary Carbohydratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human gut microbiota: does diet matter?

2014

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“…), and Verrucomicrobia (A. muciniphilia) while decreasing Firmicutes (100-102). Also, in humans, the administration of RS has been shown to induce phylum-level changes, selectively increasing numbers of Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes and reducing Firmicutes; at the species level, an increase in Bifidobacterium adolescentis, E. rectale, Roseburia spp., and R. bromii have been reported (103)(104)(105)(106)(107). These various bacteria differ significantly in the production of metabolic byproducts and potential interactions with the host.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, the Gut Microbiome, and Diet

Mokhtari

Gibson

Hekmatdoost

2017

Advances in Nutrition

138

100

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Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disorder in the world, yet the pathogenesis of the disease is not well elucidated. Due to the close anatomic and functional association between the intestinal lumen and the liver through the portal system, it is speculated that the gut microbiome may play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Furthermore, diet, which can modulate the gut microbiome and several metabolic pathways involved in NAFLD development, shows a potential tripartite relation between the gut, diet, and the liver. In this review, we summarize the current evidence that supports the association between NAFLD, the gut microbiome, and the role of diet. Adv Nutr 2017;8:240-52.

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“…Feeding resistant starch as native granules or as retrograded starch led to increased faecal titres of E. rectale and R. bromii (Abell et al ., 2008; Martínez et al ., 2010; Walker et al ., 2011), while chemically modified starch led to increases in Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes . Plant‐derived dietary fibres [inulin, fructo‐oligosaccharides (FOS)] or fibres produced by enzymatic synthesis [galacto‐oligosaccharides (GOS)] led in nutritional intervention trials to a substantial increase of Bifidobacterium .…”

Section: Biome Engineering: Modifying the Nutrient Inputmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biome engineering‐2020

Brüssow

2016

Microbial Biotechnology

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SummaryThe gut microbiome research is going from a descriptive into an intervention phase. To optimize beneficial microbe–host interaction, we need to understand how to steer the system by modulating the nutrient input with which the system is literally fed (e.g. diets, fibres, prebiotics, human milk oligosaccharides), and we must learn how to modulate the composition of the gut microbiota by adding beneficial microbes (e.g. probiotics, faecal transplants) and by eliminating disturbing microbial members using, for example, bacteriophages in this highly complex ecosystem. The current status of the field is reviewed together with an outlook what might be expected until 2020, highlighting obstacles to progress and possible solutions to these problems.

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Phylotypes related to Ruminococcus bromii are abundant in the large bowel of humans and increase in response to a diet high in resistant starch

Cited by 180 publications

References 47 publications

Human gut microbiota: does diet matter?

Human gut microbiota: does diet matter?

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, the Gut Microbiome, and Diet

Biome engineering‐2020

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