Physical activity and exercise in the treatment of depression

Blake, Holly

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2012.00106

Cited by 66 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…43 Researchers have conducted several randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to further elucidate the effect that PA and its optimal prescription (i.e., frequency, intensity, and duration) may have in the treatment of depression. [44][45][46][47] A recent Cochrane review summarized the findings of 30 RCTs to determine the effectiveness of exercise in the treatment of depression.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Activity Patterns among U.S. Adults with and without Serious Psychological Distress

et al. 2014

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Objective. A physically active lifestyle is recommended for overall healthboth physical and mental. Serious psychological distress (SPD) is associated with adverse health behaviors. We compared patterns of physical activity (PA) among adults with and without SPD using current public health guidelines for PA and examined whether adults with SPD were physically active at recommended levels.Methods. We used data from the 2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) to assess SPD using the Kessler 6 (K6) scale of nonspecific psychological distress and PA categories based on the 2008 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services guidelines. Complete data were available for 78,886 adults in 16 states that used an optional BRFSS mental illness and stigma module containing the K6 scale. We performed multiple logistic regression analyses to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).results. The unadjusted prevalence of SPD was 3.9% (95% CI 3.6, 4.2), and the age-adjusted prevalence of SPD was 3.8% (95% CI 3.5, 4.1). After adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, employment, body mass index, smoking status, and heavy drinking, adults with SPD were significantly less likely to be physically active at recommended levels than adults without SPD. PRs were attenuated but remained significant after further adjustment for limitations to PA.conclusion. Adults with SPD are less likely to meet current PA recommendations than adults without SPD, highlighting the need for targeted interventions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Activity Patterns among U.S. Adults with and without Serious Psychological Distress

et al. 2014

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“…3 Consistent with previous work, we have focused on depressive symptoms; however, changes in functional outcomes associated with depression are also relevant. 37 We have previously published interim effects of the interventions on work capacity.…”

Section: Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise and internet-based cognitive–behavioural therapy for depression: multicentre randomised controlled trial with 12-month follow-up

et al. 2016

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BackgroundEvidence-based treatment of depression continues to grow, but successful treatment and maintenance of treatment response remains limited.AimsTo compare the effectiveness of exercise, internet-based cognitive–behavioural therapy (ICBT) and usual care for depression.MethodA multicentre, three-group parallel, randomised controlled trial was conducted with assessment at 3 months (post-treatment) and 12 months (primary end-point). Outcome assessors were masked to group allocation. Computer-generated allocation was performed externally in blocks of 36 and the ratio of participants per group was 1:1:1. In total, 945 adults with mild to moderate depression aged 18–71 years were recruited from primary healthcare centres located throughout Sweden. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three 12-week interventions: supervised group exercise, clinician-supported ICBT or usual care by a physician. The primary outcome was depression severity assessed by the Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS).ResultsThe response rate at 12-month follow-up was 84%. Depression severity reduced significantly in all three treatment groups in a quadratic trend over time. Mean differences in MADRS score at 12 months were 12.1 (ICBT), 11.4 (exercise) and 9.7 (usual care). At the primary end-point the group × time interaction was significant for both exercise and ICBT. Effect sizes for both interventions were small to moderate.ConclusionsThe long-term treatment effects reported here suggest that prescribed exercise and clinician-supported ICBT should be considered for the treatment of mild to moderate depression in adults.

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“…18 This directly relates to the challenge reported in a review done by Blake et al -that physicians were reluctant to prescribe exercise because their patients had preconceived notions about the importance of adhering to an exercise routine. 13 In other words, the patients may not have the social support that the TRA says is essential to motivate them to exercise, as per physician recommendation. 17,18 To address the lack of social support to exercise or abide by physician requests, health education campaigns that portray exercise or abiding by physician requests in a positive manner should be implemented.…”

Section: " "mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 Patients have often reported lack of motivation, commonly induced by their depressive symptoms, as one of the major barriers to actually engaging in physical activity. 13,14 As such, this lack of patient motivation actually creates yet another barrier as physicians become reluctant to prescribe exercise, citing preconceived concerns about patient disinterest in engaging in physical activity on a regular basis. 13 A qualitative study on patient perceptions regarding the potential reduction of depressive symptoms due to physical activity suggested that patients who perceived exercise to be a positive force in reducing depressive symptoms actually enjoyed significant benefits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying health promotion theories to improve depressive symptoms through exercise

Abelman¹,

Hanna²

2017

UWOMJ

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Considering both the high monetary and emotional costs associated with caring for patients afflicted with depression, it is apparent that health professionals should find effective treatments to ensure that interventions are both cost effective and risk-reducing. While exercise is generally known to be important in maintaining general health and wellbeing, numerous studies have also indicated that it can play a critical role in moderating symptoms of mild to moderate depression. Globally, research continues to show a powerful reduction in depressive symptoms due to the benefits of exercise. This review article will highlight the growing perspective regarding the influence of exercise as a first-line treatment for depression over pharmacotherapy for patients with mild to moderate depression. Health promotion theories including the Theory of Planned Behaviour, Theory of Reasoned Action, and Motivational Interviewing will be applied.background

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Physical activity and exercise in the treatment of depression

Cited by 66 publications

References 46 publications

Physical Activity Patterns among U.S. Adults with and without Serious Psychological Distress

Physical Activity Patterns among U.S. Adults with and without Serious Psychological Distress

Exercise and internet-based cognitive–behavioural therapy for depression: multicentre randomised controlled trial with 12-month follow-up

Applying health promotion theories to improve depressive symptoms through exercise

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