Physical activity and risk of Alzheimer disease

Baumeister, Sebastian E.; Karch, André; Bahls, Martin; Teumer, Alexander; Leitzmann, Michael F.; Baurecht, Hansjörg

doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000010013

Cited by 22 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…Our results were contradictory to a previous MR study which suggested that physical activity did not affect the risk of development of AD 66 . The possible reason might be as follows: previous MR studies used moderateto-vigorous physical activity (MET ≥ 6) as exposure, which might be different from the effects of daily activity.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Thirdly, the influence of confounding factors on the studied association was reduced due to the strict selection of IVs. Fourthly, the previous MR analysis used average accelerations and the fraction of accelerations > 425 milligravities as exposure measures, the latter meaning vigorous physical activity (METs ≥ 6) only 66 . More physical activity statuses were analyzed in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using a two-sample mendelian randomization analysis to explore the relationship between physical activity and Alzheimer’s disease

Zhang

Huang

Wang

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Evidence from previous epidemiological studies on the effect of physical activity on the risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is conflicting. We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis to verify whether physical activity is causally associated with AD. This study used two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to estimate the association between physical activity (including overall activity, sedentary behavior, walking, and moderate-intensity activity) and AD. Genetic instruments for physical activity were obtained from published genome-wide association studies (GWAS) including 91,105 individuals from UK Biobank. Summary-level GWAS data were extracted from the International Genomics of Alzheimer’s Project IGAP (21,982 patients with AD and 41,944 controls). Inverse Variance Weighted (IVW) was used to estimate the effect of physical activity on AD. Sensitivity analyses including weighted median, MR-Egger, MR-PRESSO, and leave-one-out analysis were used to estimate pleiotropy and heterogeneity. Mendelian randomization evidences suggested a protective relationship between walking and AD (odds ratio (OR) = 0.30, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.13–0.68, P = 0.0039). Genetically predicted overall activity, sedentary behavior, and moderate-intensity activity were not associated with AD. In summary, this study provided evidence that genetically predicted walking might associate with a reduced risk of AD. Further research into the causal association between physical activity and AD could help to explore the real relationship and provide more measures to reduce AD risk.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using a two-sample mendelian randomization analysis to explore the relationship between physical activity and Alzheimer’s disease

Zhang

Huang

Wang

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…The few available Mendelian randomizations investigating the relation between physical activity and cognition or Alzheimer's disease have shown mixed results. Mendelian randomization studies investigating the relation between genetically predicted physical activity and the risk of Alzheimer's disease have reported no evidence for a causal association [78,79], or increased odds of developing Alzheimer's disease for those with a higher genetic liability of engagement in moderate intensity physical activity [80]. In the only Mendelian randomization study investigating the relation between physical activity and and depression are major confounders when studying the relation between physical activity and executive function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The long-term relation between physical activity and executive function in the Rotterdam Study

Galle

Bonnechère

et al. 2022

Eur J Epidemiol

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“…In support of these (non-MR) findings, MR has uncovered a causal protective effect of vigorous physical activity on myocardial infarction (Zhuo et al, 2021) and coronary artery disease (Zhuang et al, 2020) in Europeans, although no effect on other cardiovascular phenotypes such as heart failure, atrial fibrillation or ischemic stroke has been detected by further MR studies (Bahls et al, 2021;van Oort et al, 2020). Additionally, walking time was found to protect against Alzheimer disease in one MR study (Zhang et al, 2022), but no associations with accelerometer-measured physical activity were reported in others (Baumeister et al, 2020;Wu et al, 2021) (Supplementary Figure 4).…”

Section: Sedentarismmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Diagram for the MR analysis of the effect of physical activity on a number of cardiovascular phenotypes and Alzheimer disease. Based on Bahls et al (2021), Baumeister et al (2020). van Oort et al (2020), Wu et al (2021), Zhang et al (2022), Zhuang et al (2020), and Zhuo et al (2021).…”

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confidence: 99%

What can Mendelian randomization contribute to biological anthropology?

Bonilla

Herrera

Sans

2023

American Journal of Biological Anthropology

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Uncovering causal relationships between exposures and outcomes can be difficult in observational studies because of the potential for confounding and reverse causation to produce biased estimates. Conversely, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) provide the strongest evidence for causality but they are not always feasible. Mendelian randomization (MR) is a method that aims to strengthen causal inference using genetic variants as proxies or instrumental variables (IVs) for exposures, to overcome the above-mentioned biases. Since allele segregation occurs at random from parents to offspring, and alleles for a trait assort independently from those for other traits, MR studies have frequently been compared to "natural" RCTs. In biological anthropology (BA) relationships between variables of interest are usually evaluated using observational data, often remaining descriptive, and other approaches to causal inference have seldom been implemented. Here, we propose the use of MR to investigate cause and effect relationships in BA studies and provide examples to show how that can be done across areas of BA relevance, such as adaptation to the environment, nutrition and life history theory. While we consider MR a useful addition to the biological anthropologist's toolbox, we advocate the adoption of a wide range of methods, affected by different types of biases, in order to better answer the important causal questions for the discipline.

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Physical activity and risk of Alzheimer disease

Cited by 22 publications

References 50 publications

Using a two-sample mendelian randomization analysis to explore the relationship between physical activity and Alzheimer’s disease

Using a two-sample mendelian randomization analysis to explore the relationship between physical activity and Alzheimer’s disease

The long-term relation between physical activity and executive function in the Rotterdam Study

What can Mendelian randomization contribute to biological anthropology?

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