Physical Activity and Sedentary Time Associations with Metabolic Health Across Weight Statuses in Children and Adolescents

Kuzik, Nicholas; Carson, Valerie; Andersen, Lars Bo; Sardinha, Luís B.; Grøntved, Anders; Hansen, Bjørge Herman; Ekelund, Ulf

doi:10.1002/oby.21952

Cited by 53 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Relative to the moderation effect by weight status, it should be considered that our sample sizes in each subgroup are limited and these findings should be cautiously interpreted. We used the World Obesity Federation categories [25,26] because: (1) they have been extensively related to both physical [45] and brain health [39]; and (2) these cut-off points were developed as sex-and age-specific in pediatric ages to connect at the age of 18 years with the adults BMI worldwide accepted cut-off points (i.e., 25 for overweight, 30 for obesity type I, and ≥35 for obesity type II-III). A previous study described a moderation effect of weight status on the acute effects of walking on memory in children [46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of Objectively-Assessed Physical Activity and Sedentary Time with Hippocampal Gray Matter Volume in Children with Overweight/Obesity

Migueles

Cadenas‐Sanchez

Esteban‐Cornejo

et al. 2020

JCM

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This study investigated physical activity (PA) and sedentary time (SED) in relation to hippocampal gray matter volume (GMV) in pediatric overweight/obesity. Ninety-three children (10 ± 1 year) were classified as overweight, obesity type I, or type II–III. PA was assessed with non-dominant wrist accelerometers. GMV was acquired by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Neither PA nor SED associated with GMV in the hippocampus in the whole sample (p > 0.05). However, we found some evidence of moderation by weight status (p < 0.150). Moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) positively associated with GMV in the right hippocampus in obesity type I (B = 5.62, p = 0.017), which remained when considering SED, light PA, and sleep using compositional data (γ = 375.3, p = 0.04). Compositional models also depicted a negative association of SED relative to the remaining behaviors with GMV in the right hippocampus in overweight (γ = −1838.4, p = 0.038). Reallocating 20 min/day of SED to MVPA was associated with 100 mm3 GMV in the right hippocampus in obesity type I. Multivariate pattern analysis showed a negative-to-positive association pattern between PA of increasing intensity and GMV in the right hippocampus in obesity type II–III. Our findings support that reducing SED and increasing MVPA are associated with greater GMV in the right hippocampus in pediatric overweight/obesity. Further studies should corroborate our findings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of Objectively-Assessed Physical Activity and Sedentary Time with Hippocampal Gray Matter Volume in Children with Overweight/Obesity

Migueles

Cadenas‐Sanchez

Esteban‐Cornejo

et al. 2020

JCM

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“…The extent to which adiposity confounds associations of physical activity with metabolic traits is also unclear [ 18 ]. Adverse effects of higher adiposity on metabolic trait levels are strongly supported by prospective observational [ 19 ], instrumental variable [ 20 ], and surgical reversal [ 21 ] studies, while recent instrumental variable studies [ 22 – 24 ] also suggest that higher adiposity reduces activity and lengthens sedentary time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations of device-measured physical activity across adolescence with metabolic traits: Prospective cohort study

et al. 2018

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BackgroundMultiple occasions of device-measured physical activity have not been previously examined in relation to metabolic traits. We described associations of total activity, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and sedentary time from three accelerometry measures taken across adolescence with detailed traits related to systemic metabolism.Methods and findingsThere were 1,826 male and female participants recruited at birth in 1991–1992 via mothers into the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children offspring cohort who attended clinics in 2003–2005, 2005–2006, and 2006–2008 who were included in ≥1 analysis. Waist-worn uniaxial accelerometers measured total activity (counts/min), MVPA (min/d), and sedentary time (min/d) over ≥3 d at mean age 12y, 14y, and 15y. Current activity (at age 15y), mean activity across occasions, interaction by previous activity, and change in activity were examined in relation to systolic and diastolic blood pressure, insulin, C-reactive protein, and 230 traits from targeted metabolomics (nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy), including lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides, amino and fatty acids, glycoprotein acetyls, and others, at age 15y. Mean current total activity was 477.5 counts/min (SD = 164.0) while mean MVPA and sedentary time durations were 23.6 min/d (SD = 17.9) and 522.1 min/d (SD = 66.0), respectively. Mean body mass index at age 15y was 21.4 kg/m2 (SD = 3.5). Correlations between first and last activity measurement occasions were low (e.g., r = 0.40 for counts/min). Current activity was most strongly associated with cholesterol and triglycerides in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles (e.g., −0.002 mmol/l or −0.18 SD units; 95% CI −0.24–−0.11 for triglycerides in chylomicrons and extremely large very low-density lipoprotein [XL VLDL]) and with glycoprotein acetyls (−0.02 mmol/l or −0.16 SD units; 95% CI −0.22–−0.10), among others. Associations were similar for mean activity across 3 occasions. Attenuations were modest with adjustment for fat mass index based on dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). In mutually adjusted models, higher MVPA and sedentary time were oppositely associated with cholesterol and triglycerides in VLDL and HDL particles (MVPA more strongly with glycoprotein acetyls and sedentary time more strongly with amino acids). Associations appeared less consistent for sedentary time than for MVPA based on longer-term measures and were weak for change in all activity types from age 12y–15y. Evidence was also weak for interaction between activity types at age 15y and previous activity measures in relation to most traits (minimum P = 0.003; median P = 0.26 for counts/min) with interaction coefficients mostly positive. Study limitations include modest sample sizes and relatively short durations of accelerometry measurement on each occasion (3–7 d) and of time lengths between first and last accelerometry occasions (<4 years), which can obscure patterns from chance variation and limit descriptio...

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“…Studies using television viewing as an indicator of ST have shown negative health consequences of extensive television viewing on pre-school children’s health, whereas the health consequences of overall ST among pre-school children are still poorly understood [ 11 , 12 ]. Some recent studies link a higher ST with higher odds of belonging to the metabolically unhealthy group of school-aged children; high ST is also linked with obesity risk markers among school-aged children [ 13 , 14 ]. Studies among adults indicate an association between high levels of ST and negative health consequences, such as type 2 diabetes, all-cause mortality, and cardiovascular disease incidence [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parental Education and Pre-School Children’s Objectively Measured Sedentary Time: The Role of Co-Participation in Physical Activity

Määttä

Ray

Vepsäläinen

et al. 2018

IJERPH

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Parental co-participation in physical activity (PA) may be a beneficial parenting practice for diminishing children’s sedentary time (ST). Less information is available, however, on the explanatory role of co-participation in PA regarding parental educational differences in children’s ST. Preschool-aged children (N = 864, mean age 4.8, 52% boys) with their parents participated in a cross-sectional DAGIS (Increased Health and Wellbeing in Pre-schools) study between years 2015 and 2016. Children (N = 821) wore an accelerometer for one week. Parents were informed of their educational background, and the frequency of visits with their child in nature, to parks or playgrounds, their own yard, and indoor sport facilities (N = 808). Testing the associations required multiple regression analyses. Parents with a low educational background reported more frequent visits with their child to their own yard, and these visits were associated with children’s lower ST. More highly educated parents co-visited indoor sport facilities more frequently, although this did not have a significant association with children’s ST. More frequent visits in nature were associated with a lower ST at weekdays, regardless of educational background. Future health promotion strategies should inform parents that frequent co-participation in PA, for example, in one’s own yard, is beneficial for lowering children’s ST.

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Physical Activity and Sedentary Time Associations with Metabolic Health Across Weight Statuses in Children and Adolescents

Abstract: More MVPA was beneficial for metabolic health and weight status, whereas lower sedentary time was beneficial for metabolic health alone, although associations were weak.

Cited by 53 publications

References 37 publications

Associations of Objectively-Assessed Physical Activity and Sedentary Time with Hippocampal Gray Matter Volume in Children with Overweight/Obesity

Associations of Objectively-Assessed Physical Activity and Sedentary Time with Hippocampal Gray Matter Volume in Children with Overweight/Obesity

Associations of device-measured physical activity across adolescence with metabolic traits: Prospective cohort study

Parental Education and Pre-School Children’s Objectively Measured Sedentary Time: The Role of Co-Participation in Physical Activity

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