Physical activity levels in three Brazilian birth cohorts as assessed with raw triaxial wrist accelerometry

Abstract

Background: Data on objectively measured physical activity are lacking in low- and middle-income countries. The aim of this study was to describe objectively measured overall physical activity and time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) in individuals from the Pelotas (Brazil) birth cohorts, according to weight status, socioeconomic status (SES) and sex.Methods: All children born in 1982, 1993 and 2004 in hospitals in the city of Pelotas, Brazil, constitute the sampling frame; of these 99% agreed to participate. The most recent follow-ups were conducted between 2010 and 2013. In total, 8974 individuals provided valid data derived from raw triaxial wrist accelerometry. The average acceleration is presented in milli-g (1 mg = 0.001g), and time (min/d) spent in MVPA (>100 mg) is presented in 5- and 10-min bouts.Results: Mean acceleration in the 1982 (mean age 30.2 years), 1993 (mean age 18.4 years) and 2004 (mean age 6.7 years) cohorts was 35 mg, 39 mg and 60 mg, respectively. Time spent in MVPA was 26 [95% confidence interval (CI) 25; 27], 43 (95% CI 42; 44) and 45 (95% CI 43; 46) min/d in the three cohorts, respectively, using 10-min bouts. Mean MVPA was on average 42% higher when using 5-min bouts. Males were more active than females and physical activity was inversely associated with age of the cohort and SES. Normal-weight individuals were more active than underweight, overweight and obese participants.Conclusions: Overall physical activity and time spent in MVPA differed by cohort (age), sex, weight status and SES. Higher levels of activity in low SES groups may be explained by incidental physical activity.

Screening for glucose intolerance and development of a lifestyle education programme for prevention of type 2 diabetes in a population with intellectual disabilities: the STOP Diabetes research project

“…231 Data were processed in a freely available R package (GGIR version 1.2-0, http://cran.r-project.org, The R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna, Austria) using the previously described methodology to include time spent in sedentary, light-intensity physical activity and MVPA. 231,232 In additional, total physical activity levels were reported in mg, where g = gravity.…”

Systematic review of the relationships between objectively measured physical activity and health indicators in school-aged children and youth

“…4/15 studies reported mixed favourable and null associations Belcher et al 2010;Kelly et al 2010;Jimenez-Pavon et al 2013c) 1/15 studies reported mixed null and unfavourable associations ) MVPA: 20/30 studies reported favourable associations (Ekelund et al 2004;Lohman et al 2006;Ness et al 2007;Stevens et al 2007;Mark and Janssen 2009;Riddoch et al 2009;Steele et al 2009;Belcher et al 2010;Martinez-Gomez et al 2010b;Holman et al 2011;Grydeland et al 2012;Lawman et al 2012;Carson et al 2013;Ekstedt et al 2013;Jimenez-Pavon et al 2013a;Taverno Ross et al 2013;da Silva et al 2014;Young et al 2014;Katzmarzyk et al 2015aKatzmarzyk et al , 2015b) 6/30 studies reported mixed favourable and null associations Peart et al 2011;Ruiz et al 2011;Mendoza et al 2012;St George et al 2013;Jimenez-Pavon et al 2013c) 3/30 studies reported null associations (Hurtig-Wennlof et al 2007;Ortega et al 2007;Martinez-Gomez et al 2012) 1/30 studies reported mixed null and unfavourable associations (Mark and Janssen 2009;Holman et al 2011) 3 studies examined bouts of MVPA and associations were favourable (2/3 studies; Holman et al 2011;da Silva et al 2014) or mixed (favourable and null; 1/3 studies; Mark and Janssen 2009) MPA: 2/10 studies reported favourable associations …”

“…Seven studies examined the relationships between bouts of MVPA and health indicators (Eiberg et al 2005;Janz et al 2005;Butte et al 2007b;Mark and Janssen 2009;Holman et al 2011;Loprinzi et al 2013;da Silva et al 2014), 1 study used a longitudinal design (Janz et al 2005), and all others used a cross-sectional design. Janz et al (2005) found that children in the lowest quartile of percent body fat at 2-year follow-up had higher VPA in 5-min bouts (but no difference in MPA in 5-min bouts) at baseline compared with the 3 higher percent body fat quartiles.…”

“…Cross-sectionally, 2/3 studies reported favourable (Holman et al 2011;da Silva et al 2014) and 1/3 studies reported mixed (favourable and null; Mark and Janssen 2009) associations between bouts of MVPA and adiposity. With respect to cardiometabolic biomarkers, 1 study reported that the odds of a high-cardiometabolic disease risk-factor score decreased in a graded dose-response manner when moving from the lowest to highest quartile of bout MVPA measures, with similar associations for some individual cardiometabolic disease risk factors (non-HDL cholesterol, C-reactive protein, and systolic BP) (Holman et al 2011).…”

Patterns and Determinants of Physical Inactivity in Rural and Urban Areas in Peru: A Population-Based Study

“…26 A wrist accelerometer study in Pelotas, Brazil, revealed that overall moderate/high physical activity, when defined as a >100 mg acceleration magnitude, was below 1 hour per day for all age groups. 27 In Colombia, leisure time levels of physical inactivity ranges from 57% to 79% (they defined inactive if a subject never engages in moderate or vigorous leisure time physical activity for as long as 10 minutes at once). Thus, further studies in the Peruvian context are needed to improve our understanding of the impact of environment on physical activity levels.…”