Physical, Chemical, and Mechanical Properties of Six Bamboo from Sumatera Island Indonesia and Its Potential Applications for Composite Materials

Abstract

The suitability of bamboo’s basic characteristics is very important for more specific purposes, such as composite raw materials. Anatomical, physical, mechanical, and chemical characteristics are some of bamboo’s fundamental characteristics. This study analyses the basic properties, such as physical, mechanical, and chemical properties of bamboo from the Forest Area with Special Purpose (FASP) Pondok Buluh Sumatera Island, Indonesia (I); analyses the relationship between the properties of each type of bamboo (II); and chooses the type of bamboo with the best properties that have the potential to be applied to composite materials, such as laminated bamboo (III). This study used materials consisting of six species of bamboo from the FASP Pondok Buluh. The manufacture of physical and mechanical test samples refers to the ISO 22157 standard, 2004, while the chemical properties test refers to the TAPPI 1999 standard. The chemical, physical, and mechanical properties of bamboo vary widely among species. The lowest holocellulose and α-cellulose content were found in the Kuning Bamboo (B. vulgaris var. vittata). The content of holocellulose and α-cellulose causes the lowest density in Kuning Bamboo (B. vulgaris var. vittata). The Dasar Bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris) has the highest levels of lignin. The substances have an impact on moisture content, T/R ratio, and shear strength. The Dasar Bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris) has the lowest moisture content, the highest T/R ratio, and the highest shear strength. However, Betung Bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) has the highest density in this study. The compressive strength of the Betung Bamboo (Dendrocalamus asper) has the highest value. Therefore, Betung bamboo and Dasar Bamboo in this study were potentially utilized for composite materials, such as laminated bamboo.

Surface Modification and Mechanical Properties Improvement of Bamboo Fibers Using Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma Treatment

“…Table 3 presents the chemical constituents of bamboo. The BFs consisted of 41.67% alpha-cellulose, 73.10% holocellulose, 28.88% lignin, 3.17% extractive, and 2.04% ash, as previously reported [ 19 ]. The chemical constituents of the bamboo are slightly different from those previously reported because of the difference in species, but there is generally good agreement [ 45 ].…”

“…An alternative method for bamboo fiber waste disposal is to use bamboo fibers as a polymer mixture to reinforce composite materials, which would alleviate the environmental burden of bamboo waste and provide economic benefits [ 13 , 17 ]. Bamboo fibers (BFs), have the chemical composition of BFs as cellulose (36.8–54.9%), hemicellulose (62.0–79.9%), lignin (23.1–33.5%), and waxes (1.93–7.95%) [ 18 , 19 ]. The extractive-free bamboo can be converted to micro- or nanoscale cellulose materials by a chemical treatment process.…”

Fiber Quality of Yellow Bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris vitata) from Forest Area with Special Purpose Pondok Buluh, Simalungun Regency, North Sumatera Province

“…In research [9] suggests that the moisture content in bamboo will continue to decrease with the increasing age of bamboo. Moisture content also decrease with increasing of bamboo height [8] The anatomical structure of bamboo also influences its physical properties of bamboo. These include the number of vascular bundle proportions and the percentage of parenchyma.…”

“…IOP Publishing doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1115/1/012084 2 For bamboo to be used for its intended use, it is necessary to know the basic properties of bamboo, such as physical, mechanical, and anatomical properties, considering that various types of bamboo have various properties [6,7,8]. The age factor of bamboo also influences the moisture content in bamboo.…”

Bamboo Preservation Experiments as Encapsulation for Liquid-State PCM

“…Introduction Bamboo has received more attention from many industrial sectors, especially in Architecture, which presents a promising sustainable alternative material. Recent studies also found that bamboo can be used as a wood substitute and reduce its environmental impact [1]. Furthermore, bamboo is often used for non-permanent material and furniture making [2].…”