Physical entanglement hydrogels: ultrahigh water content but good toughness and stretchability

Puza, Fatih; Zheng, Yijun; Han, Lu; Xue, Lulu; Cui, Jiaxi

doi:10.1039/d0py00294a

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Up to present time, conventional polymerization methods for the preparation of PAMs can be divided into solution, emulsion, inverse emulsion, dispersion, and precipitation polymerization. − High molecular weight PAMs can be facilely prepared via homogeneous solution polymerization, but heat transfer became difficult due to the high viscosity of the reaction system. Moreover, the PAMs prepared by solution polymerization are usually gelatinous, whose application fields are mainly limited to oil recovery and water treatment. ,− In addition, the gelatinous products need to be further dried and crushed prior to use, which is a time and energy consuming process. To overcome the difficulty in heat transfer during polymerization, various kinds of heterogeneous polymerization methods, including emulsion, inverse emulsion, and dispersion polymerization, are adopted for the preparation of PAM products, and PAM particles are directly obtained without a complex crushing process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Styrene–Maleic Anhydride–Acrylamide Terpolymer Particles of Uniform Size and Controlled Composition via Self-Stabilized Precipitation Polymerization

Zhang

Chen

Yang

2020

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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In this paper, we report for the first time the selfstabilized precipitation polymerization of styrene (St), maleic anhydride (MAH), and acrylamide (AM) in isoamyl acetate as the reaction medium. The effects of various reaction parameters, including the reaction medium, monomer concentration, reaction time, and monomer feed ratio, on the morphology and chemical composition of the resultant poly(St/MAH/AM) terpolymer particles were investigated systematically. The experimental results demonstrated that uniform poly(St/MAH/AM) terpolymer particles with the diameter in the range of 50 to 2000 nm were facilely obtained over a wide range of monomer feed ratios of St/MAH/AM (from 40:40:20 to 10:10:80). Furthermore, the chemical composition of the terpolymer particles was largely dependent on the initial monomer feed ratio, which remained almost constant irrelevant of reaction time when the molar ratio of [St]/[MAH] was 1:1. Therefore, the poly(St/MAH/AM) terpolymer particles with a well-defined morphology, uniform size, and controlled chemical composition can be efficiently synthesized via this method, and the anhydride and amide functional groups provide poly(St/MAH/AM) particles with intensive potential for various applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Styrene–Maleic Anhydride–Acrylamide Terpolymer Particles of Uniform Size and Controlled Composition via Self-Stabilized Precipitation Polymerization

Zhang

Chen

Yang

2020

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…Similar issues have been reported for the case of physical entanglement hydrogels (PAAm nanogels incorporated inside PAAm gels). 41 Example tensile testing stress–strain curves can be seen in Fig. 3 , along with strength, toughness and Young's modulus values extracted from the curves.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparative study of tough hydrogen bonding dissipating hydrogels made with different network structures

et al. 2021

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“…But the hydrogel dissolved completely in water after only 3 days. [28] Kim et al encountered the same problem. [29] One possible reason could be that hydrogels were formed by the entanglements between hydrophilic polymer chains, which can be easily broken by water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…But the hydrogel dissolved completely in water after only 3 days. [ 28 ] Kim et al. encountered the same problem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Physically Entangled Antiswelling Hydrogels with High Stiffness

Wang

et al. 2022

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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Physically cross-linked hydrogels have great potential for tissue engineering because of their excellent biocompatibility and easy fabrication. However, physical cross-linking points are typically weaker compared to chemical ones and therefore cannot form robust hydrogels with excellent water stability, which greatly hinder their further applications. In this work, a novel hydrogel with high stiffness and outstanding antiswelling performance cross-linked by hydrophobic polymer chains entanglements is reported. The hydrophobic polymer polyimide (PI) is mixed with the hydrophilic polymer poly-(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) to form cross-linking points between the chains. At the equilibrium swelling state, tensile modulus of the hydrogel can be up to 22.57 MPa (higher than most existing hydrogels) and the equilibrium water swelling ratio (ESR) can be as low as 125.0%. By decreasing the PI mass ratio, tensile modulus and ESR of the hydrogel can be tuned in a wide range from 22.57 to 0.005 MPa and 125.0% to 765.6%, respectively. Using PVP/PI solutions as inks, uniform structures and multi-material structures are fabricated having mechanical properties close to cartilage through a direct ink writing 3D printing platform. This current work demonstrates that entangled PVP/PI hydrogels have excellent tailoring capabilities and are promising candidates for tissue engineering applications.

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Physical entanglement hydrogels: ultrahigh water content but good toughness and stretchability

Abstract: Physical entanglement of polymer chains is an interaction that is believed to be too weak to build polymer networks for hydrogelation.

Cited by 29 publications

References 37 publications

Preparation of Styrene–Maleic Anhydride–Acrylamide Terpolymer Particles of Uniform Size and Controlled Composition via Self-Stabilized Precipitation Polymerization

Preparation of Styrene–Maleic Anhydride–Acrylamide Terpolymer Particles of Uniform Size and Controlled Composition via Self-Stabilized Precipitation Polymerization

A comparative study of tough hydrogen bonding dissipating hydrogels made with different network structures

Physically Entangled Antiswelling Hydrogels with High Stiffness

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