Physical fitness, physical activity, exercise training and cognitive function in older adults

Okura, Tomohiro; Saghazadeh, Mahshid; Soma, Yuko; Tsunoda, Kenji

doi:10.7600/jpfsm.2.275

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Intervention strategies for improving either muscle strength, cognitive functioning, or both may improve the health aspects of these outcomes. A review article by Okura et al [77] suggests that cardiorespiratory fitness interventions, especially in combination with other healthy behaviors, may help to reduce the risk of cognitive impairment. Martin et al [78] completed a systematic review of cognitive-based interventions for healthy older persons and persons with cognitive impairment, and suggested that cognitive interventions may lead to performance gains but such effects may not be attributed to the cognitive training directly.…”

Section: Interventions For Muscle Strength and Cognitive Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Narrative Review of Handgrip Strength and Cognitive Functioning: Bringing a New Characteristic to Muscle Memory

Shaughnessy

Hackney

Clark

et al. 2020

JAD

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Background: Measures of handgrip strength have not only emerged as a clinically viable screening tool for determining risk for morbidity, functional disability, and early mortality, but also for helping to identify cognitive deficits. However, the phenomena that links low handgrip strength with cognitive decline remains unclear. The role of the muscular and neural systems, and their adaptations to muscle strengthening activities over the life course, may provide important information for how age-related changes to muscle mass, strength, and neural capacity influence cognition. Moreover, disentangling how handgrip strength and cognitive function are associated may help to inform healthcare providers working with aging adults and guide targeted interventions aiming to preserve muscle and cognitive functioning.Objective: To 1) highlight and summarize evidence examining the associations of handgrip strength and cognitive functioning, and 2) provide directions for future research in this area.Methods: Articles from the PubMed database were searched from November 2018-May 2019. The search term algorithm, inclusion and exclusion criteria were pre-specified by investigators.Results: Several cross-sectional and longitudinal studies have revealed that measures of handgrip strength were associated with cognitive declines regardless of age demographics and the presence of comorbidities.

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Section: Interventions For Muscle Strength and Cognitive Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Narrative Review of Handgrip Strength and Cognitive Functioning: Bringing a New Characteristic to Muscle Memory

Shaughnessy

Hackney

Clark

et al. 2020

JAD

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“…Even though some functions decline with aging, the ability to make decisions and take actions is guided by the life experience and knowledge that has been accumulated as people get older [ 48 , 49 ]. Although physical changes that accompany aging occur in everyone, the decline in cognitive function can be delayed by physical exercise [ 50 ]. Lifestyles from a young age also affect our health.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Balance of Autonomic Nervous Activity, Exercise, and Sleep Status in Older Adults: A Review of the Literature

Sato

Betriana

Tanioka

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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While older people are frequently known to experience sleep disturbances, there are also many older people who have a good quality of sleep. However, little is known about the balance of autonomic nervous activity, exercise habits, and sleep status in healthy older adults. This study reviews the literature regarding balance of the autonomic nervous activity, exercise, and sleep in healthy older adults. Relevant articles were searched from electronic databases using the combination of the following keywords: “Autonomic nervous activity”, “sleep status”, “sleep”, “healthy older adults”, “aging”, “heart rate variability (HRV)” and “exercise”. Articles were included if they met inclusion criteria: (1) Published in English, (2) Article types: research and review articles, (3) Main outcome was related to the autonomic nervous activity, lifestyle, sleep, and/or healthy aging, and (4) Fully accessed. From 877 articles that were identified, 16 articles were included for review. Results showed that the autonomic nervous activity changes with increasing age, particularly a constant decline in cardiac vagal modulation due to the significant decrease in the nocturnal parasympathetic activity. In addition, the autonomic nervous activity was also related to sleep status and lifestyle, particularly the capability to exercise. In preparing older people toward a healthy aging, maintaining good sleep quality and exercise is suggested.

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“…The advantage of this intervention program is adopting multiple exercises effective for cognitive function 38,39) , for example, SSE, resistance training, and dual task training. Furthermore, because mental state is an important factor in dementia prevention 40) , this program includes recreation to improve participant mental state (depression and self-efficacy).…”

Section: Summary Of the Exercise Class For Improving Cognitive And Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study protocol and overview of the Kasama Study: Creating a comprehensive, community-based system for preventive nursing care and supporting successful aging

Okura

Tsuji

Tsunoda

et al. 2017

JPFSM

Self Cite

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This study protocol introduces the Kasama Study, a mid-sized longitudinal study of health, fitness, and physical activity in older people. The study is a challenging research project that discusses the future of the system for preventive nursing care and for supporting successful aging in Japan. In May 2008, we began the Kasama Study with an exercise program of preventive nursing care for community-dwelling older adults. As of March 2016, we have conducted six study projects: 1) the Kasama health checkup for longevity, 2) an all-round exercise class, 3) the volunteer and the circle, 4) an exercise class for men only, 5) an exercise class for improving cognitive and physical function, and 6) the Kasama Iki-iki checklist survey. We describe each project in detail in the present study protocol. Keywords : Kasama Study, community-dwelling older adults, community-based intervention, community-based health promotion What is the Kasama Study?Launched at Kasama City, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan, in May 2008, the Kasama Study is a mid-sized longitudinal study of health, fitness, and physical activity in older people. The study aims to create a comprehensive, community-based system for preventive nursing care and supporting successful aging (Fig. 1). In addition to research, it has been acknowledged that local communities require social contribution activities conducted by universities, including providing instructions for a variety of exercise trainings for successful aging. Therefore, the Kasama Study can be characterized as a field of practice in which not only research, but also education and social contribution activities are simultaneously conducted.Before beginning the Kasama Study, the authors illustrated Fig. 2 to explain the hypotheses that the study should demonstrate. Certainly, the study's ultimate goal is to extend healthy life expectancy, which is clearly influenced not only by medical variables, but also by physical, psychological, and cognitive functions. For example, higher levels of walking ability and lower extremity muscle function are undoubtedly associated with a longer healthy life expectancy. To provide a hypothetical example, we ask how an individual can acquire higher-level physical functions. The answer may be by maintaining a high level of physical activity by frequently going outdoors, at least for the last few years. We can also ask how that individual is able to maintain a higher level of physical activity. actions and relationships. The above description, however, has focused only on personal factors, but investigating the relationship of health and fitness with environmental factors, such as the geographical environment and social capital, is also necessary.The Kasama Study is a challenging research project that tests the above hypotheses comprehensively by having young researchers, many under 30 years of age, conduct various types of surveys based on their individual research themes that are in accordance with the Kasama Study's goals. In this review, therefore, we describe the de...

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Physical fitness, physical activity, exercise training and cognitive function in older adults

Cited by 9 publications

References 79 publications

A Narrative Review of Handgrip Strength and Cognitive Functioning: Bringing a New Characteristic to Muscle Memory

A Narrative Review of Handgrip Strength and Cognitive Functioning: Bringing a New Characteristic to Muscle Memory

Balance of Autonomic Nervous Activity, Exercise, and Sleep Status in Older Adults: A Review of the Literature

Study protocol and overview of the Kasama Study: Creating a comprehensive, community-based system for preventive nursing care and supporting successful aging

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