Physical fitness trajectories from childhood to adolescence in extremely preterm children: A longitudinal cohort study

Praprotnik, Marina; Gantar, Irena Štucin; Krivec, Uroš; Lučovnik, Miha; Berlot, Jasna Rodman; Starc, Gregor

doi:10.1002/ppul.26410

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…58 Other clinical phenotypes that have been described include interstitial lung disease and peripheral airway involvement that is associated with increased airway resistance and wheezing in later life. 57,60,61 Although the prevalence of symptomatic PPRD decreases after the first 3 years of life, studies continue to demonstrate that children and adults with BPD have reduced exercise tolerance, 64 lower quality of life scores, 65,66 increased airflow obstruction 67,68 and earlier decline in pulmonary function tests (PFTs). 67,69 An obstructive pattern of lung disease, characterized by a reduced functional expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV 1 ) or a reduced ratio of FEV 1 to forced vital capacity (FVC) is the phenotype most frequently identified in pediatric and adult survivors of prematurity.…”

Section: Impact Of Bpd On Individuals and Healthcare Costsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, Prevention and Management of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Gilfillan,

Mejia,

Bhandari

2024

RRN

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Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a complex pulmonary condition that arises in preterm infants secondary to a constellation of adverse exposures contributing to impaired lung development and repair. In many developed countries, the incidence of BPD continues to rise despite the increasing use of evidence-based therapies and efforts to minimize adverse post-natal exposures. Refinement of perinatal care practices that reduce mortality in the most immature infants is likely contributing to this trend; however, a growing population of survivors with respiratory morbidity significantly burdens individuals and health-care systems. Racial and socioeconomic disparities also result in unequal distribution of morbidity within society. In this review, we will outline trends in the incidence of BPD over the last decade and review important risk factors for adverse pulmonary outcomes. The consequences of BPD for long-term health will be described, followed by a comprehensive summary of evidence-based therapies and potential future treatments that can be applied to reduce the incidence, and the prevalence of BPD.

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Section: Impact Of Bpd On Individuals and Healthcare Costsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence, Prevention and Management of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Gilfillan,

Mejia,

Bhandari

2024

RRN

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“…The motor efficiency index was calculated in three components following the same principle as defined in [13]:…”

Section: Data Pre-processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These features were discretized by centiles inside the age group. Each MEI component was obtained by averaging the centile values of their respective constitutive features analogously to the physical fitness index calculation in [13]. The constitution of MEI components is listed in Table 1.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Explained Learning and Hyperparameter Optimization of Ensemble Estimator on the Bio-Psycho-Social Features of Children and Adolescents

Drobnič,

Starc,

Jurak

et al. 2023

Electronics

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For decades, projects have been carried out in various countries to assess the developmental status of children and adolescents using anthropometry and specific kinesiological measurements. There is a need for the ability to evaluate this developmental status using a sufficiently simple method or a calculation to be applicable in practice. The most commonly used feature for this purpose is currently body mass index (BMI). From recent experience, this feature may cause problems if used indiscriminately in the developmental phase of life. Therefore, we aimed to find a more suitable feature set. We used data from Artos, the national program monitoring school children and adolescents in Slovenia. The data was analyzed using machine learning (ML) tools to find the most important features to predict a motor efficiency index (MEI), which has been shown to correlate strongly with a person’s health prospects. After data preparation and training a baseline model, a feature selection process was performed, which promoted some features as candidates to predict the motor efficiency index sufficiently. By implementing a hyperparameter optimization, we tuned the ML model to improve its generalization and present the feature interaction more elaborately. We show that besides the single feature’s importance, the features’ interaction should be considered. In the case of MEI, we find that the skin fold thicknesses can complement BMI and contribute to a better development status assessment of children and adolescents.

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Influence of Preterm Birth and Low Birthweight on Physical Fitness: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression

Martínez-Zamora,

Martín-Martínez,

Martínez-de-Quel

et al. 2024

Sports Med

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Background Preterm birth and low birthweight (LBW) might be associated with reduced physical fitness, although evidence remains inconclusive. Objective To examine the influence of preterm birth and LBW on physical fitness, as well as to assess whether variables such as gestational age, birthweight, or age at assessment moderate these effects. Methods PubMed, Scopus, and PsycINFO were systematically searched from inception to 7 December 2023 for case–control and cohort studies analyzing the association between preterm birth or LBW (or gestational age or birthweight as continuous variables) with at least one physical fitness-related outcome (i.e., cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), muscle strength, flexibility, speed, agility). Random-effects meta-analysis and meta-regression models were used to estimate the pooled effect size, as well as to examine potential associations between the magnitude of the effect and gestational age, birthweight, or age at assessment. Results Fifty-two studies (n = 920,603 participants, average age ranging from 4.7 to 34.4 years) were included. Preterm birth was associated with reduced CRF (standardized mean difference (SMD) = −0.38, 95% confidence interval (CI) = −0.51 to −0.25) and muscle strength (SMD = −0.44, 95% CI = −0.79 to −0.08). LBW was associated with reduced CRF (SMD = −0.40, 95% CI = −0.64 to −0.17), muscle strength (SMD = −0.18, 95% CI = −0.24 to −0.13), flexibility (SMD = −0.11, 95% CI = −0.22 to −0.01), and agility (SMD = −0.99, 95% CI = −1.91 to −0.07). Meta-regression analyses showed that a lower gestational age or birthweight were associated with larger reductions in physical fitness, whereas no consistent association was found for the age at assessment. Conclusion Both preterm birth and LBW seem associated with reduced physical fitness regardless of age, with larger reductions overall observed in individuals with lower gestational age or birthweight. These findings might support the implementation of preventive strategies (e.g., fitness monitoring and physical exercise interventions) in these populations through the life course. PROSPERO registration: CRD42021231845. Graphical Abstract

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Physical fitness trajectories from childhood to adolescence in extremely preterm children: A longitudinal cohort study

Cited by 4 publications

References 48 publications

Prevalence, Prevention and Management of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Prevalence, Prevention and Management of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Explained Learning and Hyperparameter Optimization of Ensemble Estimator on the Bio-Psycho-Social Features of Children and Adolescents

Influence of Preterm Birth and Low Birthweight on Physical Fitness: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression

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