Physical modeling of seismic source generation in failure of fault asperities

Abstract

series of full-scale experiments was performed to study the influence of impact loads on the parameters of seismic vibrations initiated in variable friction. The study was conducted on a test setup Tribo which is a movable concrete slab modeling an allochthon on a rough plane of the Angara fault segment in Baikal region. Contact interactions of asperities in the slip zone were recorded using strain and load measuring equipment and four seismic stations Baykal-7HR widely used for recording earthquakes. The proposed physical modeling method and obtained results can be of interest for the development of new physical models of differently scaled sources of seismic energy dissipation in tectonic faults and can be useful for seismological studies, related data interpretation, and improvement of extended forecast of rock bursts and earthquakes.

Study of the Migrating Mine Gas Piston Effect during Reactivation of Tectonic Faults

“…We use a flat model, as shown in Figure 1. Our choice is based on the results of studies that show that the contact area of the fault walls does not exceed 10% [43,44] and, in this case, our choice is quite justified. Secondly, based on the results of field observations [62], we assume that the size of the asperities along the line perpendicular to the displacement vector is much larger than along the displacement line.…”

“…The surfaces of the fault planes have heterogeneity of various orders, from microscopic roughness to large asperities, whereby the fault walls contact only parts of their surfaces. The specific area of fault walls' contact patch is estimated as a few percent of the total area of the fault contact walls by using special tools in natural conditions [42], in laboratory tests, and theoretically [43,44]. In the study [45], the amplitude and wavelength of bumps, or asperities, of a number of faults were empirically studied.…”

On the structure and formation of earthquake sources in the faults located in the subsurface and deep levels of the crust. Part II. Deep level

“…Их генезис справедливо рассматривался авторами как следствие контактного трения при быстром скольжении в местах взаимодействия крупных неровностей в зоне разлома. На наш взгляд, данное заключение вполне обоснованно подтверждает мнение многих сторонников подобного механизма возникновения источников сейсмической генерации (в частности [Thompson et al, 2005[Thompson et al, , 2009Ruzhich et al, 2014]).…”

Numerical Simulation of Dynamics of Block Media by Movable Lattice and Movable Automata Methods

“…The fact that the statistics of earthquake force and their time correlations meet the laws of Gutenberg-Richter [1,2] and Omori [1,3], typical for self-organized critical systems [4,5], is often the basis for the conclusion that earthquakes are a process formed on all spatial scales ranging from microscopic to continental plate scale. During last decades [6,10] on the basis of modeling by movable cellular automatons and full-scale experiments it was shown some possibility of initiation of the fault wing displacement and, consequently, the release of a part of the accumulated elastic energy as a result of local effects on the fault area, including vibration load and watering [11][12][13][14][15][16].…”