Physical Properties of Compression Wood

Timell, T. E.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-61616-7_7

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Galactoglucomannans (GGMs) constitute the principal hemicellulose type in softwoods, amounting to 14 to 20% of the wood (Willför et al 2005). The relative amount of GGMs in wood differs not only between wood species, but also between earlywood and latewood, sapwood and heartwood, and normal and compression wood (Bertaud and Holmbom 2004;Fengel and Wegener 1984;Timell 1967 and1986;Willför et al 2005). GGMs are found primarily in the secondary cell wall layers of softwood fibres (Meier 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hot-water extraction of ground spruce wood of different particle size

Song

Pranovich

Holmbom

2012

BioRes

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Hot-water extraction of hemicelluloses, especially galactoglucomannans, from fractions of ground spruce wood with different particle sizes was studied at 170°C with extraction times up to 60 min. Extraction of spruce sapwood, heartwood, and thermomechanical pulp (TMP) was also compared at 160 to 180°C. Static batch extractions were carried out in an accelerated solvent extractor (ASE). The extracted hemicelluloses were characterized by sugar unit analysis and determination of acetyl groups and molar masses. The particle size significantly affected the extraction of ground wood. The total extraction yield, as well as the yields of hemicelluloses and monosaccharides, was the highest from the finest ground wood fraction (< 0.1 mm). The release of acetic acid, average molar mass of extracted hemicelluloses, and end-pH of the extracts were also dependent of the particle size, although to a lower extent. Irrespectively of the ground wood particle size, the yield of hemicelluloses reached a plateau after 40 min extraction at 170°C. The results indicate that extraction of hemicelluloses is limited mainly by the diffusion in the fiber wall, and for coarse wood shives also by the mass transfer in the wood matrix. There were only small differences in the hot-water extraction yields of hemicelluloses from spruce sapwood, heartwood, and TMP, considering both poly- and monosaccharides.

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