Physical, psychological and occupational consequences of job burnout: A systematic review of prospective studies

Abstract

Burnout is a syndrome that results from chronic stress at work, with several consequences to workers’ well-being and health. This systematic review aimed to summarize the evidence of the physical, psychological and occupational consequences of job burnout in prospective studies. The PubMed, Science Direct, PsycInfo, SciELO, LILACS and Web of Science databases were searched without language or date restrictions. The Transparent Reporting of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. Prospective studies that analyzed burnout as the exposure condition were included. Among the 993 articles initially identified, 61 fulfilled the inclusion criteria, and 36 were analyzed because they met three criteria that must be followed in prospective studies. Burnout was a significant predictor of the following physical consequences: hypercholesterolemia, type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, hospitalization due to cardiovascular disorder, musculoskeletal pain, changes in pain experiences, prolonged fatigue, headaches, gastrointestinal issues, respiratory problems, severe injuries and mortality below the age of 45 years. The psychological effects were insomnia, depressive symptoms, use of psychotropic and antidepressant medications, hospitalization for mental disorders and psychological ill-health symptoms. Job dissatisfaction, absenteeism, new disability pension, job demands, job resources and presenteeism were identified as professional outcomes. Conflicting findings were observed. In conclusion, several prospective and high-quality studies showed physical, psychological and occupational consequences of job burnout. The individual and social impacts of burnout highlight the need for preventive interventions and early identification of this health condition in the work environment.

The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…Burnout syndrome arises from chronic exposure to stress‐provoking factors and is characterized by three dimensions: emotional exhaustion (EE); depersonalization (D); and low personal accomplishment (PA) (Maslach & Jackson, ). This syndrome has a negative impact on physical and mental health (Bagheri Hosseinabadi et al, ; McVicar, ; Salvagioni et al, ), decreases productivity and quality of care (Cañadas‐De la Fuente et al, ; Daigle, Talbot, & French, ; Dall'Ora, Griffiths, Ball, Simon, & Aiken, ; De la Fuente‐Solana et al, ; Hall, Johnson, Watt, Tsipa, & O'Connor, ; Ramirez‐Baena et al, ) and raises staffing costs due to increased sick time (Letvak, Ruhm, & Lane, ; Sarafis et al, ).…”

El Síndrome de Burnout en Estudiantes de la Facultad Odontología de la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba

“…La bibliografía recopilada hace referencia que este síndrome se presenta y afecta con frecuencia a las personas que están en continuo trato con otras. Los profesionales en los cuales se da con mayor incidencia este síndrome son los relacionados al área de la educación, salud, servicios sociales, entre otros 3,4 . Por lo tanto, es de gran relevancia estudiar y analizar el Síndrome de Burnout, en los estudiantes de cuarto año de Odontología, ya que se enfrentan a nuevas estrategia de aprendizaje, ya sea por el incremento de conocimientos en materias clínicas y por el comienzo casi a diario del tratamiento de pacientes, encontrándose los mismos dentro de esta franja de riesgo.…”

Prevalencia del Síndrome de Burnout en profesionales de enfermería de la Orinoquia colombiana, 2016

“…Este se ha estudiado principalmente bajo la definición de Maslach y Jackson, quienes lo describen como una forma inadecuada de afrontar el estrés crónico, sus rasgos principales son el agotamiento emocional, la despersonalización y la disminución del desempeño personal (2)(3)(4)(5)(6) , otra definición es la propuesta por Gil (7) quien lo define desde la perspectiva psicosocial, como una respuesta al estrés laboral crónico caracterizado por una percepción de fracaso por parte de quien lo padece. Se presenta con mayor frecuencia entre aquellas ocupaciones que tienen contacto directo y constante con otras personas (8) , factores de riesgo ocupacional como condiciones de tensión, la labor en sus contenidos y niveles de responsabilidad, carga emocional en cada rol (4,9) .…”